MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS VIRULENCE

Cover Page


Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

This review presents recent data on the genetic determinants and the virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT). The mechanisms of adaptation of the pathogen in the host organism and alterative manifestations are described as well as the relationship of virulence, drug resistance and the genetic affiliation of MBT are analyzed in the
article. It was demonstrated the clinical and prognostic significance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence. The cyclic changes in MBT virulence coincide with the rise and fall of the incidence of tuberculosis has been established. Some virulence factors are targets to create fundamentally new anti-TB drugs.

About the authors

B. I. Vishnevskiy

St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation 194064, Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, olitekhnicheskaya str., 32, St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.
Phone: +7 (812) 297-16-26. Fax: +7 (812) 237-16-26

Author for correspondence.
Email: bivish@rambler.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher of St. Petersburg Research Institute Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Россия

O. A. Manicheva

St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Researcher of St. Petersburg Research Institute Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Россия

P. K. Yablonskiy

St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director of St. Petersburg Research Institute Phthisiopulmonology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Россия

References

  1. Андреевская С.Н., Смирнова Т.Г., Тимофеев А.В., Ларионова Е.Е., Черноусова Л.Н. Экспрессия генов, кодирующих индуцибельные субъединицы иммунопротеосомы, макрофагами, инфицированными M. bovis-BCG и M. tuberculosis H37Rv // Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2014. № 2. С. 36–40. [Andreevskaya S.N., Smirnova T.G., Timofeev A.V., Larionova E.E., Chernousova L.N. Expression of genes encoding inducible subunits immunoproteosomy by macrophages infected with M. bovis-BCG and M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh = Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 2014, no. 2, pp. 36–40. (In Russ.)]
  2. Андреевская С.Н., Черноусова Л.Н., Смирнова Т.Г., Ларионова Е.Е. Особенности экспрессии генов isl и hsp X, индуцируемых при выживании в организме хозяина, у штаммов M. tuberculosis кластера W // Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2014. № 1. С. 37–41. [Andreevskaya S.N., Chernousova L.N., Smirnova T.G., Larionova E.E. Features of expression of gene isl and hsp X, induced in the time of survival in the host organism in M. tuberculosis strains cluster W. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh = Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 2014, no. 1, pp. 37–47. (In Russ.)]
  3. Беляков В.Д., Яфаев Р.Х. Эпидемиология. М.: Медицина, 1989. 276 c. [Belyakov V.D., Yafaev R.H. Epidemiology. Moscow: Medicine, 1989. 276 p.]
  4. Бухарин О.В., Гинцбург А.Л., Романова Ю.М., Эль-Регистан Г.И. Механизмы выживания бактерий / Под ред. О.В. Бухарина. М.: Медицина, 2005. 364 с. [Buharin O.V., Ginzburg A.L., Romanova Yu.M., El’Registan G.I. Survival mechanisms of bacteria. Ed. Buharin O.V. Moscow: Medicine, 2005. 364 p.]
  5. Василев В.Н. Микобактериозы и микозы легких. София: Медицина и физкультура, 1971. 380 с. [Vasilev V.N. Mycobacterioses and pulmonary mycosis. Sofia: Medicine and physical training, 1971. 380 p.]
  6. Вейсфейлер Ю.К. Биология и изменчивость микобактерий туберкулеза и атипичные микобактерии. Будапешт: Академия наук Венгрии, 1975. 335 с. [Weiszfeiler J.G. Biology and variability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and atypical mycobacteria. Budapest: The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1975. 335 p.]
  7. Вишневский Б.И. Клиническое значение вирулентности микобактерий туберкулеза. // Проблемы туберкулеза. 1972. № 3. С. 31–35. [Vishnevsky B.I. The clinical significance of virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 1972, no. 3, pp. 31–35. (In Russ.)]
  8. Вишневский Б.И., Иванова Л.А., Колечко Н.Г., Павлова М.В., Оттен Т.Ф. Клиническое значение микобактерий туберкулеза с различными биологическими свойствами // Проблемы туберкулеза. 1991. № 4. С. 38–42. [Vishnevsky B.I., Ivanova L.A., Kolechko N.G., Pavlova M.V., Otten T.F. Clinical significance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with different biological properties. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 1991, no. 4, pp. 38–42. (In Russ.)]
  9. Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В., Васильева С.Н., Мокроусов И.В., Оттен Т.Ф. Вирулентность микобактерий туберкулеза // Проблемы туберкулеза. 2002. № 10. С. 33–36. [Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V., Vasileva S.N., Mokrousov I.V., Otten T.F. Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 2002, no. 10, pp. 33–36. (In Russ.)]
  10. Вишневский Б.И., Оттен Т.Ф., Нарвская О.В., Вишневская Е.Б. Клиническая микробиология // Руководство по легочному и внелегочному туберкулезу; под ред. Ю.Н. Левашева, Ю.М. Репина. СПб.: ЭЛБИ-СПб, 2006. С. 95–114. [Vishnevsky B.I., Otten T.F., Narvskaya O.V., Vishnevskaya E.B. Clinical Microbiology // Guidelines for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Eds.: Levashev Yu.N., Repin Yu.M. St. Petersburg: ELBI-SPb, 2006, pp. 95–114.]
  11. Вязовая А.А., Соловьева Н.С., Журавлев В.Ю., Мокроусов И.В., Маничева О.А., Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В. Молекулярно-генетическая характеристика штаммов M. tuberculosis, выделенных от больных туберкулезным спондилитом // Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии, 2013, № 5. C. 20–27. [Vyazovaya A.A., Solovieva N.S., Zhuravlev V.Yu., Mokrousov I.V., Manicheva O.A., Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V. Molecular-genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with tuberculous spondylitis. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii = Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology, 2013, no. 2, pp. 20–27. (In Russ.)]
  12. Голышевская В.И., Корнеев А.А., Черноусова Л.Н. Применение новых микробиологических технологий в диагностике туберкулеза // Проблемы туберкулеза. 1995. № 6. С. 22–25. [Golyshevskaya V.I., Korneev A.A., Chernousova L.N. The use of new technologies in the microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 1995, no. 6, pp. 22–25. (In Russ.)]
  13. Гращенкова О.В., Зыков М.П. Способ определения вирулентности микобактерий т 13. уберкулеза // Проблемы туберкулеза. 1985. № 8. C. 3–9. [Graschenkova O.V., Zykov M.P. A method for determining the virulence of M. tuberculosis. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 1985, no. 8, pp. 3–9. (In Russ.)]
  14. Джекобс У.Р., Блум Б.Р. Молекулярно-генетические подходы к идентификации факторов вирулентности Mycobacterium tuberculosis // Туберкулез. Патогенез, защита, контроль: пер. с англ.; под ред. Б.Р. Блума. М.: Медицина, 2002. С. 271–290. [Jacobs W.R., Bloom B.R. Molecular genetic approaches to the identification of virulence factors Mycobacterium tuberculosis // Tuberculosis. Pathogenesis, Protection and Control. Ed.: B.R. Bloom. Moscow: Medicine, 2002. 677 p.]
  15. Домарадский И.В. Вирулентность бактерий как функция адаптации // Журнал микробиологии, эпидемиологии и иммунобиологии, 1997, № 4. C. 16–20. [Domaradsky I.V. Virulence of bacteria as a function of adaptation. Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii i immunobiologii = Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology, 1997, no. 4, pp. 16–20. (In Russ.)]
  16. Дымова Н.А., Альховиков О.И., Чередниченко А.Г., Храпов Е.А., Петренко Т.И., Филипенко М.Л. Генотипирование изолятов M. tuberculosis, характеризующихся широкой лекарственной устойчивостью // Вестник НГУ. 2013. Т. 11, № 1. С. 110–117. [Dymova N.A., Al’hovikov O.I., Cherednichenko A.G., Hrapov E.A., Petrenko T.I. Genotyping isolates of M. tuberculosis, characterized extensively drug-resistant. Vestnik Novosibirskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta = Bulletin of the Novosibirsk State University, 2013, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 110–117. (In Russ.)]
  17. Исаева Т.Х., Васильева И.А., Черноусова Л.Н. Особенности течения впервые выявленного туберкулеза легких в зависимости от генотипа M. tuberculosis. // Инфекц. болезни. 2011. № 2. C. 68–72. [Isaeva T.H., Vasileva I.A., Chernousova L.N. Features of the flow of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the genotype of M. tuberculosis. Infektsionnye bolezni = Infectious Diseases, 2011, no. 2, pp. 68–72. (In Russ.)]
  18. Кондакова М.Н. Клинико-генетические особенности патогенеза туберкулеза органов дыхания у подростков: автореф. дис. … д-ра мед. наук. СПб., 2005. 37 с. [Kondakova M.N. Clinical and genetic features of the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents. Autoref. dr. med. sci. diss. St. Petersburg, 2011, 37 p.]
  19. Кондратьева Т.К., Ажикина Т.Л., Шлеева М.О., Капрельянц А.Т., Апт А.С. Генетический контроль латентной туберкулезной инфекции // Туберкулез и социально значимые заболевания. 2013. № 2. С. 61–66. [Kondrateva T.K., Agikina T.L., Shleeva M.O., Kaprelyanz A.T., Apt A.S. Genetic control of latent tuberculosis infection. Tuberkulez i sotsial’no znachimye zabolevaniya = Tuberculosis and Socially Significant Diseases, 2013, no. 2, pp. 61–66. (In Russ.)]
  20. Маничева О.А., Ласунская Е.Б., Оттен Т.Ф., Мокроусов И.В., Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В. Вирулентность Mycobacterium tuberculosis различных генотипов в ранней фазе инфекции in vitro // Туберкулез в России. Год 2007: Материалы VIII Рос. съезда фтизиатров. М.: 2007. 124 c. [Manicheva O.A., Lasunskaia E.B., Otten T.F., Mokrousov I.V., Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V. Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis various genotypes in an early phase of the infection in vitro. In: Tuberculosis in Russia. Year 2007. Proceedings of the VIII Congress of Russian phthisiologists. Moscow, 2007, pp. 124.]
  21. Маничева О.А., Ласунская Е.Б., Журавлев В.Ю., Оттен Т.Ф., Мокроусов И.В., Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В. Лекарственная чувствительность Mycobacterium tuberculosis в сопоставлении с их жизнеспособностью, цитотоксичностью, генотипом и течением процесса у больных туберкулезом органов дыхания // Проблемы туберкулеза. 2008. № 12. С. 18–22. [Manicheva O.A., Lasunskaia E.B., Zhuravlev V.Yu., Otten T.F., Mokrousov I.V., Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V. Drug sensitivity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in relation to their viability, cytotoxicity, genotype and current process in patientswith pulmonary tuberculosis. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 2008, no. 12, pp. 18–22. (In Russ.)]
  22. Маничева О.А. Проблемы лекарственной устойчивости Mycobacterium tuberculosis: ускоренное культуральное выявление, контроль адекватности химиотерапии, вирулентность: автореф. дис. … д-ра биол. наук. СПб., 2009. 36 с. [Manicheva O.A. The problem of drug resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis: rapid culture detection, the control of the adequacy of chemotherapy, virulence. Autoref. dr. biol. sci. diss. St. Petersburg, 2009, 36 p.]
  23. Маничева О.А., Нарвская О.В., Мокроусов И.В., Вязовая А.А., Журавлев В.Ю., Барнаулов А.О., Догонадзе М.З., Оттен Т.Ф., Вишневский Б.И. Лекарственная устойчивость, жизнеспособность и вирулентность in vitro штаммов Mycobacterium tuberculosis различных генотипов // Инфекция и иммунитет. 2011. Т. 1, № 4. C. 341–349. [Manicheva O.A., Narvskaya O.V., Mokrousov I.V., Vyazovaya A.A., Zhuravlev V.Yu., Barnaulov A.O., Dogonadze M.Z., Otten T.F., Vishnevsky B.I. Drug resistance, viability and virulence in vitro Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of different genotypes. Infektsiya i immunitet = Infection and Immunity, 2011, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 341–349. (In Russ.)]
  24. Маничева О.А., Журавлев В.Ю., Барнаулов А.О., Соловьева Н.С., Догонадзе М.З., Вязовая А.А., Мельникова Н.Н., Павлова М.В., Мокроусов И.В., Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В., Шульгина М.В. Клиническая значимость комплексной характеристики возбудителя туберкулеза // Медицинский альянс. 2013. № 2. C. 29–35. [Manicheva O.A., Zhuravlev V.Yu., Barnaulov A.O., Soloveva N.S., Dogonadze M.Z., Vyazovaya A.A., Melnikova N.N., Pavlova M.V., Mokrousov I.V., Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V., Shulgina M.V. The clinical significance of the complex characteristic of the causative agent of tuberculosis. Meditsinskii al’yans = Medical Alliance, 2013, no. 2, pp. 29–35. (In Russ.)]
  25. Маркелов Ю.М., Нарвская О.В. Циркуляция штаммов возбудителя туберкулеза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью на территории Республики Карелия // Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2010. Т. 87, № 2. С. 54–56. [Markelov Yu.M., Narvskaya O.V. The circulation of multidrug-resistant strains on the territory of the Republic of Karelia. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh = Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2010, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 54–56. (In Russ.)]
  26. Маслов Д.А., Беккер О.Б., Мавлетова Д.А., Черноусова Л.Н., Андреевская С.А., Русинов Г.Л., Чарушин В.Н., Даниленко В.Н. Отбор и доклинические испытания азолотетразина ТАТ-395 — противотуберкулезного вещества, ингибитора протеинкиназы PknB // Сб. тезисов II конгресса национальной ассоциации фтизиатров. Ноябрь 2013 г. СПб., 2013. 268 c. [Maslov D.A., Bekker O.B., Mavletova D.A., Chernousova L.N., Andreevskaya S.A., Rusinov G.L., Charushin V.N., Danilenko V.N. Selection and preclinical trials of azolotetrazin TAT-395 — antituberculosis agent, inhibitor of protein kinase PknB. Abstracts of the II Congress of the National Association of TB specialists. November 2013. St. Petersburg, 2013. 268 p.]
  27. Мокроусов И.В. Генетическое разнообразие и эволюция M. tuberculosis: автореф. дис. … д-ра биол. наук. СПб., 2009. 42 с. [Mokrousov I.V. Genetic diversity and evolution of M. tuberculosis. Autoref. dr. biol. sci. diss. St. Petersburg, 2009, 42 p.]
  28. Мокроусов И.В., Нарвская О.В., Вязовая А.А., Оттен Т.Ф., Вишневский Б.И. Геноидентификация эпидемиологически и клинически значимого варианта M. tuberculosis Beijing B0/W 148 // Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2012. № 10. С. 33– 37. [Mokrousov I.V., Narvskaya O.V., Vyazovaya A.A., Otten T.F., Vishnevsky B.I. Gene identification of the epidemiologically and clinically important Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing variant B0/W148. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh = Tuberculosis and
  29. Lung Diseases, 2012, no. 10, pp. 33–37. (In Russ.)]
  30. Нарвская О.В. Молекулярная микробиология и перспективы контроля инфекционных болезней. СПб.: ФБУН НИИЭМ им. Пастера, 2007. 27 с. [Narvskaya O.V. Molecular microbiology and prospects of infectious disease control. St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, 2007. 27 p.]
  31. Нечаева О.Б., Скачкова Е.И., Кучерявая Д.А. Мониторинг туберкулеза в Российской Федерации // Туберкулез и болезни легких. 2013. № 12. С. 49–50. [Nechaeva O.B., Skachkova E.I., Kucheryaeva D.A. Monitoring of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation. Tuberkulez i bolezni legkikh = Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, 2013, no. 12, pp. 49–50. (In Russ.)]
  32. Петровская В.Г. Проблема вирулентности бактерий. M.: Медицина, 1967. 263 с. [Petrovskaya B.G. The problem of bacterial virulence. Moscow: Medicine, 1967. 263 p.]
  33. Пинаев Г.П. Клеточные культуры в фундаментальных и прикладных исследованиях // Методы культивирования клеток: сб. ст.; под ред. Г.П. Пинаева, М.С. Богдановой. СПб.: Изд-во Политехн. ун-а, 2008. С. 7–22. [Pinaev G.P. Cell culture in fundamental and applied research. In: Methods for cell culture / Ed. G.P. Pinaev, M.S. Bogdanova. St. Petersburg: Publishing house of Polytechnical University, 2008, pp. 7–22.]
  34. Прозоров А.А., Даниленко В.Н. Микобактерии туберкулезного комплекса: геномика, молекулярная эпидемиология, пути эволюции // Успехи современной биологии. 2011. Т. 131, № 3. С. 227–243. [Prozorov A.A., Danilenko V.N. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex: genomics, molecular epidemiology, evolutionary path. Uspekhi sovremennoi biologii = Successes of Modern Biology, 2011, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 227–243. (In Russ.)]
  35. Прозоров А.А., Зайчикова М.В., Даниленко В.Н. Системы генов и белков, влияющих на вирулентность микобактерий, и участие их гомологов в осуществлении конъюгации у M. smegmatis // Генетика. 2013. Т. 49, № 1. С. 125–141. [Prozorov A.A., Zaichikova M.V., Danilenko V.N. Systems of genes and proteins that affect the virulence of mycobacteria and participate of their homologs in the implementation of conjugation in M. smegmatis. Genetika = Genetics, 2013, vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 125–141. (In Russ.)]
  36. Сапожникова Н.В. Особенности течения туберкулеза легких в зависимости от биологических свойств возбудителя: автореф. дис. … канд. мед. наук. СПб., 2003. 22 с. [Sapozhnikova N.V. Features of pulmonary tuberculosis depending on the biological properties of the causative agent. Autoref. cand. med. sci. diss. St. Petersburg, 2003, 22 p.]
  37. Скворцова Л.А., Павлова М.В., Сапожникова Н.В., Вишневский Б.И., Нарвская О.В. Туберкулез сегодня: особенности возбудителя, клиника и лечение // Проблемы туберкулеза. 2005. № 11. С. 6–9. Skvortzova L.A., Pavlova M.V., Sapozhnikova N.V., Vishnevsky B.I., Narvskaya O.V. Tuberculosis today: features of the pathogen, clinical features and treatment. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of Tuberculosis, 2005, no. 11, pp. 6–9. (In Russ.)]
  38. Филатов Е.Н., Уткин О.В. Культуры клеток в моделировании инфекционных процессов // Успехи современной биологии. 2014. Т. 134, № 1. С. 19–25. [Filatov E.N., Utkin O.V. Cell culture in the simulation of infectious processes. Uspekhi sovremennoi biologii = Advances in Modern Biology, 2014, vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 19–25. (In Russ.)]
  39. Черноусова Л.Н., Андреевская С.Н., Смирнова Т.Г., Земскова З.С., Ларионова Е.Е. Биологические свойства штаммов M. tuberculosis кластера W // Проблемы туберкулеза и болезни легких. 2008. № 10. С. 45–50. [Chernousova L.N., Andreevskaya S.N., Smirnova T.G., Zemskova Z.S., Larionova E.E. Biological properties of M. tuberculosis strains cluster W. Problemy tuberkuleza = Problems of tuberculosis and Lung Diseasis, 2008, no. 101, pp. 45–50. (In Russ.)]
  40. Abdallah A.M., Gey van Pitius N.C., Champion P.A., Cox J., Luirink J., Vandenbroucke-Grauls C.M., Appelmelk B.J., Bitter W. Type VII secretion — mycobacteria show the way. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2007, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 883–891.]
  41. Bloch H. Studies on the virulence of tubercle bacilli. J. Exp. Med., 1950, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 197–217.
  42. Barry C.E., Boshoff H.I., Dartois V., Dick T., Ehrt S., Flynn J., Schnappinger D., Wilkinson R.J., Young D. The spectrum of latent tuberculosis: rethinking the biology and intervention strategies. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2012, vol. 7, pp. 513–518.
  43. Bifani P., Mathema B., Kurepina N., Kreiswirth B.N. Global dissemination of the M. tuberculosis W/Beijing family strains. Trends Microbiol., 2002, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 45–52.
  44. Bifani P.J., Pilkaytis B.B., Kapur V., Stockbauer K., Pan X., Lutfey M.L., Moghazeh S.L., Eisner W., Daniel T.M., Kaplan M.H., Crawford J.T., Musser J.M., Kreiswirth B.N. Origin and interstate spread of New York city multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis clone family W. JAMA, 1996, vol. 275, pp. 452–457.
  45. Blasia A., Curci G. On the virulence of kanamycin-resistant tubercle bacilli. Arch. Tisiol. Mal. Appar. Resp., 1959, vol. 14. pp. 429–437.
  46. Bloch H. Studies on the virulence of tubercle bacilli. J. Exp. Med., 1950, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 197–217.
  47. Casadevall A., Pirofski L. Host-pathogen interactions: redefining the basic concepts of virulence and pathogenicity. Infection and immunity, 1999, vol. 67, no. 8, pp. 3703–3713.
  48. Casali N., Nikolaevsky V., Balabanova Y., Harris S.R., Parkhill J., Brown T., Drobnievski F. Evolution and transmission of drugresistant tuberculosis in a Russian population. Nat. Genet., 2014, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 279–286.
  49. Champion P.A. Disconnecting in vitro ESX-1 secretion from mycobacteria virulence. J. Bacteriol., 2013, vol. 195, no. 24. pp. 5418–5420.
  50. Champion P.A., Cox J.S. Protein secretion systems in mycobacteria. Cell. Microbiol., 2007, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 1376–1384.
  51. Chatterjee A., Saranath D., Bhatter P., Mistry N. Global transcriptional profiling of longitudinal clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibiting rapid accumulation of drug resistance. PLoS, 2013, vol. 8, no. 1. e54717.
  52. Chen J.M., Zhang M., Rybniker J., Basterra J., Dhar N., Pojer F., Cole S.T. Phenotypic profiling of M. tuberculosis EsPa point mutants reveals that blockade of ESAT-6 and CFP-10 secretion in vitro does not always correlate with attenuation of virulence. J. Bacteriol., 2013, vol. 195, no. 24, pp. 5421–5430.
  53. Clancy L.J., Kelly P., Byrn C., Costello E. The pathogenisity of M. tuberculosis 52. during chemotherapy. Eur. Resp. J., 1990, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 399–402.
  54. Daddi J., Lucchesi M., Manchini P., Matzeu M., Rossi P. Virulence attenuation and other biological modifications in multiple drug resistant tubercle mycobacteria. Boll. Ist. Sieroter Milan., 1971, vol. 50, no. 4353, pp. 361.
  55. De Jonge M.I., Pehau-Arnaudet G., Fretz M., Romain F., Bottai D., Brodin P., Honoré N., Marchal G., Jiskoot W., England P., Cole S.T., Brosch R. ESAT-6 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissociates from its putative chaperone CFP-10 under acidic conditions and exhibits membrane-lysing activity. J. Bacteriol., 2007, vol. 189, no. 16, pp. 6028–6034.
  56. De Steenwinkel J., ten Kate M., de Knegt G, Verbrugh H.A., Aarnoutse R.E., Boeree M.J., den Bakker M.A., van Soolingen D., Bakker-Woudenberg I.A. Consequenses of non compiliance for therapy efficacy and emergence of resistance in murine tuberculosis caused by the Beijing genotype of M. tuberculosis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 2012, vol. 56, no. 9, pp. 4937–4944.
  57. Forrellad M.A., Klepp L. I., Gioffré A., Sabio y García J., Morbidoni H. R., de la Paz Santangelo M., Cataldi A.A., Bigi F. Virulence factors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Virulence, 2013, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 3–66.
  58. Ganguly N., Giang P.H., Gupta C., Basu S.K., Siddiqui I., Salunke D.M., Sharma P. Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretory proteins CFP-10, ESAT-6 and the CFP10:ESAT6 complex inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappaB transactivation by downregulation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) production. Immunol. Cell Biol., 2008, vol. 86, no. 1, pp. 98–106.
  59. Harth G., Horwitz M. An inhibitor of exported Mycobacterium tuberculosis glutamine synthetase selectively blocks the growth of pathogenic Mycobacteria in axenic culture and in human monocytes: extracellular proteins as potential novel drug targets. J. Exp. Med., 1999, vol. 189, no. 9, pp. 1425–1435.
  60. He H., Hovey R., Kane J., Singh V., Zahrt T.C. MprAB Is a Stress-Responsive Two-Component System That Directly Regulates Expression of Sigma Factors SigB and SigE in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Bacteriol., 2006, vol. 188, no. 6, pp. 2134–2143.
  61. He R., Zeng L.F., He.Y, Wu L., Gunawan A.M., Zhang Z.Y. Organocatalytic multicomponent reaction for the acquisition of a selective inhibitor of mPTPB, a virulence factor of tuberculosis. Chem. Commun. (Camb.), 2013, vol. 49, no. 20, pp. 2064–2066.
  62. Hernandez-Pendo R., Marquino-Castillo B., Barrios-Pavan J., Mata-Espinosa D. Use of mouse models to stady the variability in virulence associated with specific genotypic lineages of M. tuberculosis. Infect. Genet. Evol., 2012, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 725–731.
  63. Hu Y., Henderson B., Lund P.A., Tormay P., Ahmed M.T., Gurcha S.S., Besra G.S., Coates A.R. A Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutant lacking the groEL homologue cpn60.1 is viable but fails to induce an inflammatory response in animal models of infection. Infect. Immun., 2008, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 1535–1546.
  64. Hu Y., Movahedzadeh F., Stoker N.G., Coates A.R. Deletion of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis α-crystallin-like hspXGene causes increased bacterial growth in vivo. Infect. Immun., 2006, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 861–868.
  65. Jankute M., Grover S., Rana A.H., Besra G.S. Arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan biosynthesis: structure, biogenesis and their potential as drug targets. Future Microbiol., 2012, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 129–147.
  66. Jayachandran R., Scherr N., Pieters J. Analyzing the interaction of pathogens with the host immune system. Immunol. Lett., 2009, vol. 122, no. 2, pp. 112–114.
  67. Karlson A.G., Carr D.T. Effect of single and double daily doses of para-aminosalicylic acid in tuberculosis of guinea pigs. Am. Rev. Tub., 1958, vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 753–759.
  68. Klinkenbeg L.G., Karakousis P.C. Rv1894c is a novel hypoxia-induced nitronatemonooxygenase required for M. tuberculosis virulence. J. Infect. Dis., 2013, vol. 207, no. 10, pp. 1525–1534.
  69. Kumar A., Toledo J.C., Patel R.P., Lancaster J.R., Steyn A.J.C. Mycobacterium tuberculosis DosS is a redox sensor and DosT is a hypoxia sensor. PNAS, 2007, vol. 104, no. 28, pp. 11568–11573.
  70. Kurtz S., McKinnon K.P., Runge M.S., Ting J.P., Braunstein M. The SecA2 secretion factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis promotes growth in macrophages and inhibits the host immune response. Infect. Immun., 2006, vol. 74, no. 12, pp. 6855–6864.
  71. Lamichhane G., Raghunand T.R., Morrison N.E., Woolwine S.C., Tyagi S., Kandavelou K., Bishai W.R. Deletion of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis proteasomal ATPase homologue gene produces a slow-growing strain that persists in host tissues. J. Infect. Dis., 2006, vol. 194, no. 9, pp. 1233–1240.
  72. Lasunskaia E, Ribeiro S., Manicheva O., Gomes L.L., Suffys P.N., Mokrousov I., Ferrazoli L., Andrade M.R., Kritski A., Otten T., Kipnis T.L., da Silva W.D., Vishnevsky B., Oliveira M.M., Gomes H.M., Baptista I.F., Narvskaya O. Emerging multi-drug resistante M. tuderculosis strains of the Beijing genotype circulating in Russia express a pattern of biological properties associated with enchanced virulence. Microbes. Infect., 2010, no. 12, pp. 467–475.
  73. Lewis K.N., Liao R., Guinn K.M., Hickey M.J., Smith S., Behr M.A., Sherman D.R. Deletion of RD1 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis mimics bacilli Calmette-Guérin attenuation. J. Infect. Dis., 2003, vol. 187, pp. 117–123.
  74. Mazandu G.K., Mulder N.J. Generation and analysis of large-scale data-driven Mycobacterium tuberculosis functional networks for drug target identification. Adv. Bioinformatics, 2011.
  75. Mestre O., Hurtado-Ortiz R., Dos Vultos T., Namouchi A., Cimino M., Pimentel M., Neyrolles O., Gicquel B. High throughput phenotypic selection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants with impaired resistance to Reactive oxygen species identifies genes important for intracellular growth. PLoS ONE, 2013, vol. 8, no. 1, p. e53486.
  76. Middlebrook G., Cohn M.L. Some observations on the pathogenicity of isoniazid-resistant variants of tubercle bacilli. Science, 1953, vol. 118, no. 3063, pp. 297–299.
  77. Mitchison D.A. Tubercle bacilli resistant to isoniazid: virulence and response to treatment in guinea pigs. Brit. Med. J., 1954, no. 4854, pp. 128.
  78. Mokrousov I., Vyazovaya A., Narvskaya O. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American-Mediterranean family and its sublineages in the light of robust evolutionary markers. J. Bacteriol., 2014, vol. 196, no. 10, pp. 1833–1841.
  79. Mueller P., Pieters J. Modulation of macrophage antimicrobial mechanisms bypathogenic mycobacteria. Immunobiology, 2006, vol. 211, no. 6–8, pp. 549–556.
  80. Mukhopadhyas S., Nair S., Gosh S. Pathogenesis in tuberculosis: transcriptonic approaches to unreveling virulence mechanisms and finding nev drug targets. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 2012, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 463–485.
  81. Murata T. Studies on the virulence of streptomycin-resistant tubercle bacilli. Kekkaku, 1953, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 342–371.
  82. Ordway D.J., Sonnenberg M.G., Donahue S.A., Belisle J.T., Orme I.M. Drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis exhibit a range of virulence for mice. Infect. Immun., 1995, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 741–743.
  83. Parvati I., van Crevel R., van Soolingen D. Possible underlying mechanisms for successful emergence of the M. tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains. Lancet Infect. Dis., 2010, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 103–111.
  84. Paunesku E., Algeorge G., Eskenasy A. Tipurimetabolice de virulentasi de chimiorezistentia la mycobactrii. Probl. Tuberc. (Buc.), 1964, no. 4, pp. 141–146.
  85. Pym A.S., Brodin P., Brosch R., Huerre M., Cole S.T. Loss of RD1 contributed to the attenuation of the live tuberculosis vaccines Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium microti. Mol. Microbiol., 2002, vol. 46, pp. 709–717.
  86. Rajni, Rao N., Meena L.S. Biosynthesis and virulent behavior of lipids produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: LAM and cord factor: an overview. Biotechnol. Res. Int., 2011.
  87. Rama R.A., Satchidanandam V. An approach for studying the mediators of pathogenesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Biosci., 1996, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 413–421.
  88. Ribeiro S.C., Gomes L.L., Amaral E.P., Andrade M.R., Almeida F.M., Rezende A.L., Lans V.R., Caravalno E.S., Auffys P.N., Mokrousov I., Lasunskaia E.B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains of the modern sublineages of the Beijing family are more likely to display increased virulence that strains of the ancient sublineages. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2014, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 2615–2624.
  89. Roberts D.M., Personne G., Ollinder J., Parish T. Proteases in M.tuberculosis pathogenesis: potential as drug targets. Future Microbiol., 2013, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 621–631.
  90. Smith I. Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis and molecular determinants of virulence. Clinic. Microbiol. Reviews, 2003, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 463–496.
  91. Smith J., Manoranjan J., Pan M., Bohsali A., Xu J., Liu J., McDonald K.L., Szyk A., LaRonde-LeBlanc N., Gao L.Y. Evidence for pore formation in host cell membranes by ESX-1-secreted ESAT-6 and its role in Mycobacterium marinum escape from the vacuole. Infect. Immun., 2008, vol. 76, pp. 5478–5487.
  92. Tan T., Lee W.L., Alexander D.C., Rosenkrands I., Rigouts L., Andersen P., Mijs W., van Dissel J.T., van Soolingen D. The T-6/CFP-10 secretion system of Mycobacterium marinum modulates phagosome maturation. Cell. Microbiol., 2006, vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 1417–1429.
  93. Van Soolingen D., de Haas P.E.W., van Doorn H.R., Kuijper E., Rinder H., Borgdorff M.W. Mutations at amino acid position 315 of the katGGene are associated with high-level resistance to isoniazid, other drug resistance, and successful transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Netherlands. J. Infec. Dis., 2000, vol. 182, no. 6, pp. 1788–1790.
  94. Vergne I., Chua J., Lee H.-H., Lucas M., Belisle J., Deretic V. Mechanism of phagolysosome biogenesis block by viable Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PNAS, 2005, vol. 102, no. 11, pp. 4033–4038.
  95. Vrba-Pech A., Fol M., Kowalewich-Kuibat M., Krawczyc M., Kwiatkowska S. Virulence of clinical M. tuberculosis strains in Lodz, Poland. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung. Dis., 2013, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1082–1087.
  96. Vrba-Pech A., Fol M., Krawczyk M., Kowalewicz-Kulba M., Kwaitkowska S. Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the population in Lodz, Poland stimulated macrophages to the lower production on IL-12 and NO when compared to the virulent H37Rv strain. Tuberculosis (Edinb.), 2014, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 383–388.
  97. Yuan X., Chen L., Deng X., Cao J., Yu S., Quankai W., Pang H., Liu S. Characterization of Rv0394c gene encoding hyaluronidase and chondrosulfatase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis, 2013, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 296–300.
  98. Zhang M., Gong J., Yang Z., Samten B., Cave M.D., Barnes P.F. Enhanced capacity of a widerspread strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to grow in human macrophages. J. Infect. Dis., 1999, vol. 179, no. 5, pp. 1213–1217.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download

Copyright (c) 2014 Vishnevskiy B.I., Manicheva O.A., Yablonskiy P.K.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 64788 от 02.02.2016.


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies