Current status of healthcare-associated enteroviral (non-polio) infections
- Authors: Alimov A.V.1, Igonina E.P.2, Feldblyum I.V.3, Chalapa V.I.1, Zakharova Y.A.1
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Affiliations:
- Yekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections
- Federal Service for Supervision on Consumer Rights and Human Wellbeing
- Perm State Medical University named after academician E.A. Wagner
- Issue: Vol 10, No 3 (2020)
- Pages: 486-496
- Section: REVIEWS
- Submitted: 11.03.2019
- Accepted: 12.03.2020
- Published: 26.05.2020
- URL: https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1161
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/10.15789/2220-7619-CSF-1161
- ID: 1161
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Full Text
Abstract
Here we present the data on foreign research publications describing healthcare-associated enteroviral (nonpolio) infections (HAI) sought in the Worldwide Database for Nosocomial Outbreaks (Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Universitȁtmedizincomplex “Charite”, Germany) as well as PubMed search engine (The United States National Library), covering 1936–2017 timeframe. The publications retrieved contained the data on 28 nosocomial outbreaks caused by Enterovirus A (EV-A71), В (Echoviruses 11, 17, 18, 30, 31, 33, Coxsackie viruses А9, В2, В5) and D (EV-D68). It was discovered that the majority of the nosocomial enteroviral (non-polio) outbreaks occurred in obstetric hospitals and neonatal units so that children were mainly maternally infected. In addition, a case associated with intrauterine infection was described. It was shown that outbreaks might be started by an infected child at the incubation period. Single publications reported nosocomial outbreaks in geriatric hospitals. Generally, nosocomial enteroviral (non-polio) outbreaks were characterized by polymorphic clinical picture caused by any certain pathogen serotype and within a single site of the infection. Few lethal outcomes were recorded. Enterovirus B species dominated among identified etiological agents. Violated hospital hygiene and infection control contributing to spread of infection were among those found in neonatal units: putting used diapers out on baby bed prior disposal, sharing bathtub, toys and household objects as well as poor hand hygiene in medical workers. One of the measures recommended to improve diagnostics of enteroviral (non-polio) infections was virology screening of children with suspected sepsis in case of unidentified etiology. It was established that etiological decoding of nosocomial outbreaks was impossible without applying pathogen-specific diagnostic tools, mainly nested RT-PCR and direct sequencing of followed by subsequent phylogenetic analysis.
About the authors
A. V. Alimov
Yekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections
Email: virus@eniivi.ru
PhD (Medicine), Director
Yekaterinburg
РоссияE. P. Igonina
Federal Service for Supervision on Consumer Rights and Human Wellbeing
Email: igonina_ep@gsen.ru
PhD (Medicine), Deputy Head of Department for Surveillance on Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Administration of Epidemiological Surveillance
Moscow
РоссияI. V. Feldblyum
Perm State Medical University named after academician E.A. Wagner
Email: epidperm@mail.ru
PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of Epidemiology Department of Continuing Professional Education Faculty with a Course in Hygiene and Epidemiology
Perm
РоссияV. I. Chalapa
Yekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections
Email: neekewa@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5823-5257
http://eniivi.ru
Researcher, Research Methodology Department,
Yekaterinburg
РоссияYu. A. Zakharova
Yekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections
Author for correspondence.
Email: z.y.alexandrovna@mail.ru
Zakharova Yulia A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Lead Researcher, Head of the Department for Epidemiology of Viral Infections
620030, Yekaterinburg, Letnyaya str., 23
РоссияReferences
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