Email this article THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE AND LATENT HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS-1,2 (HSV-1,2) INFECTIONS ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION COMPOSITION IN PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE ANTERIOR EYE SEGMENT
- Authors: Krichevskaya G.1, Balatskaya N.1, Sorozhkina E.1, Kovaleva L.1, Kulikova I.1
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Affiliations:
- Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- Submitted: 30.05.2025
- Accepted: 22.10.2025
- URL: https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17935
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-TEO-17935
- ID: 17935
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Abstract
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) cause lifelong infections with two-phase cycle: productive lytic and latent phase.
Objective: To study the effect of HSV-1, HSV-2 on immune status of patients in latent and lytic infection phases.
Materials and methods: 99 people with anterior uveitis, corneal ulcers, episcleritis, scleritis were examined.
IgG-antibodies to late and early antigens (IE antibodies – markers of latent infection reactivation) of HSV-1, HSV-2, and CMV (comparison virus) were quantitated in blood serum by ELISA. Immune status was assessed in whole blood samples by flow cytometry (BD FACS CantoII, USA): percentage and absolute count of lymphocytes (CD45+), T lymphocytes (CD3+), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+), T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), double-positive lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+CD8+), natural killer cells (CD16+CD56+), B lymphocytes (CD19+), immunoregulatory index (IRI,CD4+/CD8+).
Statistical analysis: StatTech v.4.7.2 (Russia) software was used for data processing.
Results: 86 out of 99 patients were infected with HSV-1,2, 84 out of 98 - with CMV. Reactivation of HSV-1 detected in 47 patients, HSV-2 - 13, CMV - 17. 13 patients were seronegative for HSV-1,2, and 14 - for CMV.
Group 1 included HSV-1,2- and/or CMV-infected patients; group 2 contained not infected patients. In group 1, subgroups with latent and lytic phases were identified.
Immune status in patients with latent HSV-1,2 infection was mainly the same as in lytic phase. During HSV-1 reactivation, proportion of CD3+CD8+ decreased, while proportion of CD3+CD4+, CD16+CD56+ absolute count, IRI increased (p<0.05).
In HSV-2 reactivation and latent HSV-1,2 infection, in contrast to HSV-1 reactivation, there was an additional increase in CD3+CD4+ (%) and CD45+ levels.
Unlike HSV-1 and HSV-2, in comparison group patients proportion of CD3+CD8+ (497.95±118.01) decreased significantly compared to latent CMV infection (620.38±326.38; p=0.026).
Conclusion: Unidirectional changes in immune status of patients with latent and lytic phases of HSV-1,2 infection are likely due to low levels of viral reactivation and weak humoral response in some subjects. Therefore, patients with “false-negative” results of early antibody testing could have been included in the group with latent HSV-1,2 infection.
Apparently, a single test for HSV-1,2 reactivation markers is insufficient to rule out subclinical infection activity. Undiagnosed HHV reactivation in patients with inflammatory ophthalmopathology may be prognostically unfavorable.
About the authors
Galina Krichevskaya
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Email: skai6@mail.ru
Cand. of Med. Sci., leading researcher, Department of immunology and virology
Россия, 14/19, Sadovaya Chernogryazskaya St., Moscow, 105062, RussiaNatalya Balatskaya
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Email: skai6@mail.ru
Cand. of Biol. Sci., head of the Department of immunology and virology
РоссияEkaterina Sorozhkina
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Email: skai6@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8568-8689
candidate of medical sciences, senior researcher, Department of Immunology and Virology
РоссияLyudmila Kovaleva
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Email: skai6@mail.ru
Cand. of Med. Sci., researcher, Department of infectious and allergic eye diseases
РоссияIrina Kulikova
Helmholtz National Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia
Author for correspondence.
Email: skai6@mail.ru
Biologist, Department of Immunology and Virology
РоссияReferences
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