THE PREVALENCE OF ANTI-HBC ANTIBODIES IN GROUPS OF MEDICAL WORKERS WHO WERE EITHER UNVACCINATED OR VACCINATED AGAINST HEPATITIS B WITHOUT PRIOR TESTING FOR HBV MARKERS



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Abstract

Abstract

An increased risk of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) more often detected by testing for HBsAg remains in healthcare professionals. Hiv-HBc is also considered a reliable HBV marker and is recommended as an "epidemiological" screening for former HBV exposure, but is less commonly used in practice. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of anti-HBc in groups of unvaccinated and HBV-vaccinated medical workers. The study sample consisted of 1,597 blood serum samples collected from medical workers who underwent primary three-dose hepatitis B vaccination and 46 unvaccinated employees aged 18 years and older from five inpatient and outpatient medical organizations. Blood serum samples were tested for anti-HBs and anti-HBc antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A comparative analysis for the presence of blood anti-HBc revealed that during the primary hepatitis B vaccination, anti-HBc seroconversion in the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohort was 35.4% and 76.1%, respectively, which is twice as more than in the vaccinated (p<0.001) subjects. The results of seroconversion in the vaccinated group indicate that the vaccination was carried out upon HBV infection or latent hepatitis B. The lack of seroconversion was noted in 23.9% and in 64.6% of unvaccinated and of vaccinated employees, respectively (p<0.001). Accordingly, this indicator is 2.7-fold higher in the vaccinated vs. unvaccinated cohort. The presence of anti-HBc was not found to depend on the level of humoral immunity. The specific gravity of anti-HBc+ in the groups with anti-HBs <10 mIU/ml and anti-HBs> 10 mIU/ml is almost the same in both groups – 23.8% and 23.7%, respectively. Distribution of anti-HBс post-immunization was as follows: group 1 (3 months – 5 years); group 2 (6–15 years old) and group 3 (16–23 years old) with and without total anti-HBV antibodies showed the lowest number (5.4% and 3.4%) of individuals with anti-HBs among vaccinated subjects in group 1, which indirectly evidences about the effect of vaccination in preventing infection with the virus in the next 5 years. The study results point at a need for pre-vaccination anti-HBс testing to determine prevalence of infection and identify groups requiring further in-depth HBV testing.

About the authors

Naida Abdulkhalikovna Magomedova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Dagestan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Makhachkala, Russian Federation

Email: khirasulova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0001-7110-7951

Assistant of the Department of Social Hygiene, Organization of Surveillance, with a Course of Laboratory Diagnostics, Dagestan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Makhachkala; postgraduate student of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies of the Institute of Professional Education of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 

Россия

Mikhail Petrovich Kostinov

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: monolit.96@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1382-9403

Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Vaccine Prophylaxis and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases of the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums; Head of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies of the Professional Education Institute of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Россия

Isabella Abramovna Khrapunova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: izabella-khrapunva@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9327-4163

Doctor of Medicine, Professor of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies of the Institute of Professional Education of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory for the Prevention of Infections Associated with the Provision of Medical Care of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor 

Россия, Moscow

Andrey V. Linok

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: linok_a_v@staff.sechenov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5980-8560

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies of the Institute of Professional Education of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; research associate of the Laboratory for Epidemiological Analysis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases of the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums

Россия, Moscow; Moscow

Marina Nikolaevna Loktionova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation;
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: m.lokt@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1332-519X

PhD in Medical Science, Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies of the Professional Education Institute of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Epidemiology of Natural Focal Infections of the Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor

Россия

Valentina Borisovna Полищук

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: polischook@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0533-0909

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Vaccine Prophylaxis and Immunotherapy of Allergic Diseases 

Россия

Natalia Evgenievna Yastrebova

Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums, Moscow, Russian Federation

Email: yastreb03@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6911-1345

Head of the Laboratory of Immunochemical Diagnostics of the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums

Россия

Arseniy Alexandrovich Poddubikov

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Moscow, Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: arseniypoddibikov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-7494-3554

3rd year student at the N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine of the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); 

Россия

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Copyright (c) Kostinov M.P., Magomedova N.A., Khrapunova I.A., Linok A.V., Loktionova M.N., Полищук V.B., Yastrebova N.E., Poddubikov A.A.

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