The structure of the oropharyngeal genus Candida fungi community in HIVinfected patients

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Abstract

At the present time virtually no data are available about the structure of the genus Candida fungus able to target HIV-infected patients and serve as an etiological factor of candidiasis. The aforementioned shaped the aim of the study: to examine structure of the Candida genus community colonizing the oropharynx in HIV-infected patients with clinical manifestations of oropharyngeal candidiasis. There was conducted a microbiological study of the oropharynx in 31 HIV-infected patients (51.6% males and 48.4% females) with clinical manifestations of oropharyngeal candidiasis treated at Moscow Infectious Clinic No. 2 inpatient department in the years 2015–2017. We confirmed the diversity of the oropharyngeal Candida spp. community found in HIV-infected patients. Total 52 isolates of the genus Candida were isolated. C. albicans dominated in 57.7% cases, whereas C. glabrata prevailed (21.1%) among non-albicans species. Minor components were represented by C. tropicalis (11.5%) and C. krusei (9.6%). C. albicans and C. glabrata were sensitive to polyenes, whereas minor community components — to itroconazole and clotrimazole. The vast majority of fungal strains were resistant to fluconazole. The genus Candida community reveals a unique architecture so that any member may exist in the oropharyngeal biotope of HIV-infected patients as a monoculture or in association: homogeneous, consisting of a single species strains, or heterogeneous, formed by several species. Candida fungi in 18 patients (58.1%) were isolated as a monoculture, whereas in 13 (41.9%) subjects — in association consisting of 34 isolates (65.4% of total number), of which 16 (30.8%) and 18 (34.6%) were isolated from homogeneous and heterogeneous associations, respectively. There were identified 9 two-component associations (69.2%), and 4 (30.8%) consisting of three or more components. It turned out that pattern of the examined community was mainly determined by species composition that agrees with previous data. Most common associations were presented by C. krusei (100%) and C. albicans (73.3%). Upon that, most often C. albicans (72.7%) formed a homogeneous type of associations. Sensitivity of Candida fungi to antimycotic drugs also depended on the architecture of related community. C. albicans isolates in heterogeneous associations revealed a wide range of resistance acquired by contact with non-albicans species.

About the authors

A. D. Voropaev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD Student, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology 

Moscow 

Россия

D. A. Yekaterinchev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD Student, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Moscow 

Россия

Yu. V. Nesvizhsky

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nesviz@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0386-3883

Yuri V. Nesvizhsky,  PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Professor of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

119991, Moscow, Trubetskaya str., 8/2

Phone: +7 (916) 889-88-75 

Россия

V. V. Zverev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

RAS Full Member, PhD, MD (Biology), Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Moscow 

Россия

S. S. Afanasiev

Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher

Moscow 

Россия

E. V. Volchkova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases

Moscow 

Россия

M. S. Afanasiev

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor of the Department of Clinical Allergology and Immunology

Moscow 

Россия

E. V. Budanova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Moscow 

Россия

R. E. Boshjan

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology

Moscow 

Россия

E. I. Likhanskaya

Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology

Email: nesviz@mail.ru

PhD (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Microbiology and Prophylaxis of Intestinal Infections

Moscow 

Россия

Y. N. Urban

Gabrichevsky Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology and Biotechnology

Moscow 

Россия

Yu. S. Filina

The Infectious Hospital No. 2 of the city of Moscow

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD (Medicine), Infectologist

Moscow 

Россия

M. E. Suleymanova

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Student

Moscow 

Россия

V. A. Voropaeva

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Student

Moscow 

Россия

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Copyright (c) 2020 Voropaev A.D., Yekaterinchev D.A., Nesvizhsky Y.V., Zverev V.V., Afanasiev S.S., Volchkova E.V., Afanasiev M.S., Budanova E.V., Boshjan R.E., Likhanskaya E.I., Urban Y.N., Filina Y.S., Suleymanova M.E., Voropaeva V.A.

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