Дендритные клетки в патогенезе вирусного гепатита С

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Инфекция, вызванная вирусом гепатита С (HCV), является серьезной проблемой здравоохранения, поскольку в большинстве случаев (до 85%) приобретает хроническое течение и повышает риск развития цирроза печени, гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы и выраженных внепеченочных осложнений. Причины хронизации инфекции во многом связаны с недостаточностью противовирусного иммунного ответа. Эффективная элиминация вируса требует ранней активации врожденного иммунитета, индукции сильного HCV-специфического мультиэпитопного Т-клеточного ответа и формирования продолжительной иммунологической памяти. Дендритные клетки (DC), которые представляют гетерогенную популяцию антигенпрезентирующих клеток, являются продуцентами интерферонов первого типа, способны активировать натуральные киллерные клетки и индуцировать адаптивный иммунный ответ, выполняя, таким образом, важную роль в противовирусной защите. При этом нарушение функций DC при HCV-инфекции рассматривается в качестве одного из механизмов, позволяющих вирусу избежать иммунного надзора. Настоящий обзор включает современные данные, характеризующие роль DC в иммунном ответе при HCV-инфекции и освещает ряд ключевых вопросов, касающихся изменений фенотипа и функций различных субпопуляций DC у пациентов с вирусным гепатитом С, механизмов нарушения функциональной активности DC и перспектив лечения хронического гепатита С на основе использования генерированных ex vivo DC. 

Об авторах

Е. Р Черных

ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии

Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: ct_lab@mail.ru

Черных Елена Рэмовна, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор мендицинских наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией клеточной иммунотерапии 

Адрес для переписки: Черных Елена Рэмовна 630099, Россия, г. Новосибирск, ул. Ядринцевская, 14, ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии. Тел.: 8 (383) 236-03-29. Факс: 8 (383) 222-70-28. 

Е. А. Олейник

ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии

Email: ct_lab@mail.ru
Олейник Екатерина Александровна, аспирант лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии

О. Ю. Леплина

ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии

Email: ct_lab@mail.ru
Леплина Ольга Юрьевна, доктор мендицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии

Н. М. Старостина

ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии

Email: ct_lab@mail.ru
Старостина Наталья Михайловна, заслуженный врач РФ, кандидат медицинских наук, зав. отделением иммунологии Клиники иммунопатологии

А. А. Останин

ФГБНУ НИИ фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии

Email: ostanin62@mail.ru
Останин Александр Анатольевич, доктор мендицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии Россия

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