MEASLES MORBIDITY IN THE NORTHWESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

  • Authors: Antipova A.Y.1, Zheleznova N.V.2, Tolstykh N.А.1, Kaziakhmedova V.V.1, Gorziy E.S.1, Blokhinova M.A.1, Dumcheva O.S.3, Smirnova N.A.4, Zorina D.M.5, Molchanova Z.R6, Buts L.V.7, Koltsov N.S.8, Dzhusoeva A.T.8, Dedkova L.S.9, Abramovskaya E.I.10, Smirnova I.K.11, Kalinina E.L.12, Gvozdeva I.S.13, Slepukhina N.L.13, Petukhova M.B.14, Gritsai A.B.15, Kozhemyakina M.A.16, Mironova A.V.17, Dedkov V.G.1
  • Affiliations:
    1. St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
    2. Управление Роспотребнадзора по Архангельской области, Архангельск, Россия
    3. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Arkhangelsk region, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
    4. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Vologda Region, Vologda, Russian Federation
    5. Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Vologda Region, Vologda, Russian Federation
    6. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Kaliningrad Region, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation
    7. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Leningrad Region, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
    8. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Murmansk Region, Murmansk, Russian Federation
    9. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
    10. “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Arkhangelsk Region and Nenets Autonomous Okrug”, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
    11. Rospotrebnadzor Office for Novgorod Region, Novgorod, Russian Federation
    12. Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in Pskov Oblast, Pskov, Russian Federation
    13. Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Karelia, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation
    14. Rospotrebnadzor Office for the Komi Republic, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic
    15. Federal Medical Institution “Center for Hugiene and Epidemiology in the Komi Republic”, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic
    16. Federal Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Higiene and Epidemiology Center in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region», St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
    17. Rospotrebnadzor Office for St. Petersburg
  • Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • Submitted: 27.02.2025
  • Accepted: 30.06.2025
  • URL: https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17867
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-MMI-17867
  • ID: 17867


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Abstract

Abstract

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected measles epidemic process. On the territory of the Russian Federation, restrictive measures contributed to the continuation of measles circulation, but the pandemic created the prerequisites for further development of outbreaks. We have to analyze measles morbidity in the Northwestern Federal District in the pre- and post-Covid period. Material and methods. Blood serum samples (n=3179) collected from patients with maculopapular rash and fever were studied using ELISA. Results. In the Russian Federation in the years 2008 – 2010 measles incidence remained at extremely low level due to the importation of measles virus of different genotypes from global regions. In the territories of the Northwestern Federal District, during the period preceding the COVID-19 pandemic, measles incidence was characterized as sporadic. A major measles outbreak occurred in 2018-2019, with the disease being recorded in 6 of the 11 territories of the Northwestern Federal District. Since the introduction of quarantine measures, the number of verified measles cases has dropped sharply. The last case of measles in the region was reported in May 2020. In 2021, measles was not recorded in the territories of the Northwestern Federal District. The rise in measles incidence began at the late 2022 due to imported measles from Tajikistan. In 2023, measles incidence in the district amounted to 2.5 per 100,000 population. Measles continued to spread in 2024. In 2023 and 2024, the disease occurred mainly in unvaccinated subjects or those with unknown vaccination history; mostly children. The spread of measles in the territories of the Northwestern Federal District in 2022 and early 2023 was facilitated by late diagnosis and isolation of the first measles patients; introduction of measles into population groups not vaccinated against measles; delays in the supply of vaccines for populational immunization, including in outbreak areas. In general, measles circulation has resumed in the territories of the Northwestern Federal District.

About the authors

Anastassia Yu. Antipova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: anti130403@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7763-535X

Сandidate of Sciences (PhD) (Biology), senior researcher, laboratory of experimental virology

Россия

Nina V. Zheleznova

Управление Роспотребнадзора по Архангельской области, Архангельск, Россия

Email: nzhel@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7072-1714

PhD, Leading Scientific Reseacher, Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis

Россия

Natalia А. Tolstykh

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: tolstykh@pasteurorg.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-1746-8056

Сandidate of Sciences (PhD) (Biology), researcher, laboratory of etiology and control of virus infections

Россия

Valeria V. Kaziakhmedova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: kaziakhmedova@pasteurorg.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-1044-0225

epidemiologist, laboratory of molecular genetic diagnostics

Россия

Egor S. Gorziy

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: gorziy@pasteurorg.ru

Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Epidemiology of Infectious and Non-Infectious Diseases

Россия

Maria A. Blokhinova

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: blokhinova@pasteurorg.ru

junior researcher, laboratory etiology and control of viral indicators
Россия

Olga S. Dumcheva

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Arkhangelsk region, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation

Email: dumchevaos@29.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Deputy Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Natalya A. Smirnova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Vologda Region, Vologda, Russian Federation

Email: smirnova_na@35.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Daria M. Zorina

Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Vologda Region, Vologda, Russian Federation

Email: Doxtur_dm@mail.ru

Head of the laboratory of especially dangerous and viral infections, virologist

Россия

Zhanna R Molchanova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Kaliningrad Region, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation

Email: zhanna.molchanova92@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2704-7832

acting Head of the Department of Epidemiological Surveillance and Sanitary Protection of the Territory

Россия

Lidiya V. Buts

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Leningrad Region, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: buts_lv@47.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Nikita S. Koltsov

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Murmansk Region, Murmansk, Russian Federation

Email: kolcov_ns@murmanpotrebnadzor.ru

Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Alana T. Dzhusoeva

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Murmansk Region, Murmansk, Russian Federation

Email: jusoeva_at@murmanpotrebnadzor.ru

Deputy head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Lyudmila S. Dedkova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation

Email: turpnnao@mail.ru
SPIN-code: 8294-1316

Chief Expert Specialist

Россия

Ekaterina I. Abramovskaya

“Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Arkhangelsk Region and Nenets Autonomous Okrug”, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation

Email: abramovskayak@yandex.ru

epidemiologist

Россия

Irina K. Smirnova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for Novgorod Region, Novgorod, Russian Federation

Email: smirnova_ik@53.rospotrebnadzor.ru

Chief Specialist-Expert of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Elena L. Kalinina

Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in Pskov Oblast, Pskov, Russian Federation

Email: epid_upr@60.rospotrebnadzor.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-2007-3658

Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Iulia S. Gvozdeva

Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Karelia, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation

Email: epidrpn@yandex.ru

Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Nadezhda L. Slepukhina

Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Republic of Karelia, Petrozavodsk, Russian Federation

Email: epidrpn@yandex.ru
SPIN-code: 6591-9730

Deputy Head of the Epidemiological Surveillance Department

Россия

Marina B. Petukhova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for the Komi Republic, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic

Email: petuhova_mb@gsenkomi.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-8904-6280

head of the epidemiological surveillance de-partment

Россия

Anna B. Gritsai

Federal Medical Institution “Center for Hugiene and Epidemiology in the Komi Republic”, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic

Email: virus11fbuz@yandex.ru

head of the Laboratory of Viral and Natural Focal Infections

Россия

Malvina A. Kozhemyakina

Federal Budgetary Healthcare Institution «Higiene and Epidemiology Center in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region», St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: m.kogemiakina@78cge.ru

Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Parasitology and Desinfection

Россия

Anna V. Mironova

Rospotrebnadzor Office for St. Petersburg

Email: Anna_mironova87@mail.ru

Сhief expert

Россия

Vladimir G. Dedkov

St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: vgdedkov@pasteurorg.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-3003-0637

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Deputy Director for Research

Россия

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Copyright (c) Antipova A.Y., Zheleznova N.V., Tolstykh N.А., Kaziakhmedova V.V., Gorziy E.S., Blokhinova M.A., Dumcheva O.S., Smirnova N.A., Zorina D.M., Molchanova Z.R., Buts L.V., Koltsov N.S., Dzhusoeva A.T., Dedkova L.S., Abramovskaya E.I., Smirnova I.K., Kalinina E.L., Gvozdeva I.S., Slepukhina N.L., Petukhova M.B., Gritsai A.B., Kozhemyakina M.A., Mironova A.V., Dedkov V.G.

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