Prevalence and molecular-genetic characteristics of hepatitis B virus in HIV-positive individuals at the Far Eastern Federal District

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Abstract

Current study was aimed at investigating prevalence of overt and occult hepatitis B infection in HIV-positive individuals as well as molecular-epidemiological characteristics of the circulating hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD). A total number of 297 blood serum/plasma samples obtained from HIV-positive patients residing in the FEFD were enrolled in the study. The first control group included 351 blood serum/plasma samples of general population without indication on HIV and HBV-infection that underwent laboratory check up at the Centers for AIDS Prevention and Control. After evaluating the group of HIV-positive patients 20 HIV-HBV positive samples were selected for further detailed analysis. The second control group included 43 patients with chronic hepatitis B. All groups were age and gender-matched. The research included serological and molecular-genetic (real-time PCR, positive for HBV DNA samples underwent clonal sequencing of PCR-amplified HBV P/S gene) assessment of the biological material followed by a phylogenetic analysis of the HBV sequences. Our research revealed that HIV-positive patients are exposed to a higher risk of HBV infection compared to general population enrolled in the study, which is evident from the prevalence of anti-HBcAg antibodies in the groups examined. HIV-positive vs. first control group was positive for anti-HBcAg antibodies at higher rate (35.02%, CI 95: 29.59–40.45% versus 22.22%, CI 95: 17.87–26.57%, p = 0.0003). Abundance of ongoing HBV-infection markers was also higher in HIV-positive individuals compared to general population (6.73%, CI 95: 3.88–9.58% versus 0.85%, CI 95: 0–1.81%, p = 0.0001, respectively). Should be noted, that HBsAg-negative HBV infection in HIV-positive patient cohort comprised 1.01% (CI 95: 0–2.15%) whereas in general population this index was as low as 0.28% (CI 95: 0–0.84%). Virus hepatitis С and D were revealed at higher rate in HIV-positive individuals compared to patients with HIV-negative chronic HBV infection (p = 5.84 × 10–7  and p = 0.000001 respectively). HCV and HDV prevalence rates comprised 50.0% (CI 95: 27.46–77.46%) and 40.0% (CI 95: 17.97–62.03%) in HIV-positive patients. Similar indices in control group were 4.65% (CI 95: 0–10.94%) and 4.65% (CI 95: 0–10.94%), respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of the six isolated HBV sequences showed that the five samples belonged to genotype D, with dominant subtype D2 (verified in 4 cases). Further, HBV genotype С was detected only in one case. The obtained data indicate a necessity for further in-depth diagnostic examination of viral hepatitis in HIV-positive patients to lower a risk of developing life-threatening complications as well as preventing hepatitis spread in human population.

About the authors

E. A. Bazykina

Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: alyonaf@yandex.ru

Bazykina Elena Anatolievna - PhD Student, Epidemiology and Military Epidemiology Department, Pacific State Medical University; Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Prophylaxis of Viral Hepatitis and AIDS, Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

680000, Khabarovsk, Shevchenko str., 2.

Phone: +7 (4212) 46-18-55.

Russian Federation

V. B. Turkutyukov

Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Email: epidemiology.dvfo@mail.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Epidemiology and Military Epidemiology Department, Pacific State Medical University.

Vladivostok.

Russian Federation

O. E. Trotsenko

Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: trotsenko_oe@hniiem.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Director of the Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

V. O. Kotova

Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: dvaids@mail.ru

Head of the Laboratory of Epidemiology and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis and AIDS of the Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

L. A. Balakhontseva

Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: dvaids@mail.ru

Head of the Far Eastern Regional Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS of the Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

L. V. Butakova

Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing

Email: evi.khv@mail.ru

Researcher, Far Eastern Regional Research Guidance Center on Enterovirus Infections, Khabarovsk Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

L. V. Varnavskaya

Hospital FGHI primary healthcare unit 27 of the Russian Federation

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Head of Hospital Primary Healthcare Unit 27 of the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation; Fomenko V.V., Clinical Pathologist, Branch of Hospital Primary Healthcare Unit 27 of the Russian Federation.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

V. V. Fomenko

Hospital FGHI primary healthcare unit 27 of the Russian Federation

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Fomenko Veronika.V. - Clinical Pathologist, Branch of Hospital Primary Healthcare Unit 27 of the Russian Federation.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

M. A. Chechulina

Hospital FGHI primary healthcare unit 27 of the Russian Federation

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Infectious Disease Physician, Hospital Primary Healthcare Unit 27 of the Russian Federation.

Khabarovsk.

Russian Federation

A. I. Krapivkin

Chukotka Regional Hospital

Email: fake@neicon.ru

Head Physician, Chukotka Regional Hospital.

Anadyr.

Russian Federation

S. V. Zinkovskaya

Chukotka Regional Hospital

Email: vich@hospital.chukotnet.ru

Head of the Cabinet of Prevention and Combat Against AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Infectious Disease Physician, Chukotka Regional Hospital.

Anadyr.

Russian Federation

G. I. Budai

Chukotka Regional Hospital

Email: vich@hospital.chukotnet.ru

Clinical Laboratory Physician of the HIV and Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory of the Centralized Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory, Chukotka Regional Hospital.

Anadyr.

Russian Federation

O. A. Yanovich

Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS

Email: spid79eao@yandex.ru

Head Physician, Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS.

Birobidzhan.

Russian Federation

E. A. Lomakina

Sakhalin Regional Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS

Email: Center@hiv65.ru

Head Physician, Sakhalin Regional Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS.

Yuzhno-Salhalinsk.

Russian Federation

Z. I. Lukina

Magadan Region Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS

Author for correspondence.
Email: priemnaya@aidscentr.ru

Head Physician, Magadan Region Center on Prevention and Combat Against AIDS.

Magadan.

Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2019 Bazykina E.A., Turkutyukov V.B., Trotsenko O.E., Kotova V.O., Balakhontseva L.A., Butakova L.V., Varnavskaya L.V., Fomenko V.V., Chechulina M.A., Krapivkin A.I., Zinkovskaya S.V., Budai G.I., Yanovich O.A., Lomakina E.A., Lukina Z.I.

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