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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">767</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-2019-1-173-182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">In vivo virulence of Beijing genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Вирулентность Mycobacterium tuberculosis генотипа Beijing в условиях in vivo</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4408-503X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespyatykh</surname><given-names>J. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспятых</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Julia A. Bespyatykh - PhD (Biology), Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p>
<p>119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a.</p>
<p>Phone: +7 (909) 961-18-46. Fax: +7 (499) 246-44-09.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беспятых Юлия Андреевна - кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики микроорганизмов.</p>
<p>119435, Москва, ул. Малая Пироговская, 1а.</p>
<p>Тел.: 8 (909) 961-18-46. Факс: 8 (499) 246-44-09.</p></bio><email>juliabespyatykh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradova</surname><given-names>Т. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник ФГБУ СПб НИИ фтизиопульмонологии МЗ РФ, координатор направления «Экспериментальный туберкулез и инновационные технологии».</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manicheva</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маничева</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Leading Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zabolotnykh</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заболотных</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dogonadze</surname><given-names>M. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Догонадзе</surname><given-names>М. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vitovskaya</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Витовская</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Guliaev</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляев</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p>
<p>Moscow.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики микроорганизмов.</p>
<p>Москва.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravlev</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, St. Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology.</p>
<p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник ФГБУ СПб НИИ фтизиопульмонологии Минздрава России, координатор направления «Лабораторная диагностика».</p>
<p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shitikov</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шитиков</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p>
<p>Moscow.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, и.о. заведующего лабораторией молекулярной генетики микроорганизмов.</p>
<p>Москва.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), RAS Professor, Deputy Director for Science, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency.</p>
<p>Moscow.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, заместитель директора по научной работе.</p>
<p>Москва.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины ФМБА</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ Санкт-Петербургский НИИ фтизиопульмонологии МЗ РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-05-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>173</fpage><lpage>182</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-10-18"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2018-11-23"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2018</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Bespyatykh J.A., Vinogradova Т.I., Manicheva O.A., Zabolotnykh N.V., Dogonadze M.Z., Vitovskaya M.L., Guliaev A.S., Zhuravlev V.Y., Shitikov E.A., Ilina E.N.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Беспятых Ю.А., Виноградова Т.И., Маничева О.А., Заболотных Н.В., Догонадзе М.З., Витовская М.Л., Гуляев А.С., Журавлев В.Ю., Шитиков Е.А., Ильина Е.Н.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bespyatykh J.A., Vinogradova Т.I., Manicheva O.A., Zabolotnykh N.V., Dogonadze M.Z., Vitovskaya M.L., Guliaev A.S., Zhuravlev V.Y., Shitikov E.A., Ilina E.N.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беспятых Ю.А., Виноградова Т.И., Маничева О.А., Заболотных Н.В., Догонадзе М.З., Витовская М.Л., Гуляев А.С., Журавлев В.Ю., Шитиков Е.А., Ильина Е.Н.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/767">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/767</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing genotype strains comprise 50–80% in Russian Federation, which are divided into the main B0/W148, CladeA, and CAO clusters based on VNTR and SNP analysis. It should be noted that such phylogenetically highly close MTB strains belong to the modern Beijing family, generally demonstrating high transmissibility, association with drug resistance, and prevalence among patients with severe forms of the disease. However, studies on MTB genetic cluster strain-related virulence are scarce and contradictory. Here, we investigated virulence of diverse Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains belonging to the B0/W148, CladeA and CAO clusters and nonclustered strain NK of the Beijing family as well as laboratory strain H37Rv in C57BL/6 mice. It was found that mice infected with NK and B0/W148 vs. CladeA strains revealed the peak and the lowest mortality, respectively, while assessing survival rate in various groups (20 mice per MTB strain examined). Analyzing experimental data in mice demonstrated that all MTB strains were able to cause typical tuberculosis-related pathogenic signs. In particular, time-dependent evaluation of pathological changes (on 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60 and 120 day post infection) in the lungs and spleen revealed significant differences among various strains. Tuberculosis progression was observed in the mice infected with B0/W148 and NK strains, whereas CladeA, CAO and H37Rv strains resulted in stabilized course and less marked organs damage. Moreover, we found that bacterial load after infection with Beijing family clustering strains was lower compared to that of the reference H37Rv strain, except NK strain demonstrating the peak bacterial load among the Beijing family comparable to H37Rv strain at 120 dpi. Thus, it was found that the level of virulence between most virulent B0/W148 cluster strain vs. NK strain was similar. Overall, the data obtained indicate that Beijing genotype strains are characterized by a diverse range of phenotypic virulence in vivo.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В структуре популяции возбудителя туберкулеза в России доля штаммов генетического семейства Beijing составляет от 50 до 80%. На основании VNTR- и SNP-анализа представители семейства разделяют на несколько доминирующих кластеров: B0/W148, CladeA и CAO. Следует отметить, что описываемые группы принадлежат к «современным» Beijing и очень близки филогенетически. Как правило, такие изоляты демонстрируют высокую трансмиссивность, ассоциацию с лекарственной устойчивостью и преобладают среди пациентов с тяжелыми формами заболевания. Немногочисленные исследования вирулентности штаммов отдельных кластеров носят противоречивый характер. Целью данной работы было сравнительное исследование вирулентности штаммов Mycobacterium tuberculosis, относящихся к основным кластерам семейства Beijing на животной модели. В исследование включены клинические штаммы, относящиеся к кластерам семейства Beijing B0/W148, CladeA, CAO и некластеризующийся штамм NK, а также лабораторный штамм H37Rv. В ходе исследований по оценке выживаемости инфицированных мышей линии C57BL/6 (по 20 мышей на штамм) было установлено, что наибольшая смертность наблюдалась в группе животных, инфицированных штаммами NK и B0/W148. При этом наименьшей вирулентностью обладал штамм CladeA. Анализ патоморфологической картины экспериментального туберкулеза показал, что все штаммы имели характерные патогенные свойства, то есть были способны вызывать специфический туберкулезный процесс. В ходе оценки динамики патоморфологических изменений (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60 и 120 день после заражения) в легких и селезенке выявлены достоверные различия между штаммами. Прогрессивное развитие туберкулезного процесса наблюдалось у мышей, инфицированных изолятами B0/W148 и NK. В то же время при инфекции штаммами CladeА, CAO и H37Rv наблюдалась стабилизация процесса и менее серьезное повреждение органов. Согласно полученным данным, бактериальная нагрузка после заражения кластеризующимися штаммами семейства Beijing была ниже таковой для штамма Н37Rv, который использовался как референсный. Исключением являлся штамм NK, бактериальная нагрузка для которого являлась самой высокой среди семейства Beijing и была сопоставима с Н37Rv к 120 дню инфицирования. Показано, что кластер B0/W148, известный как наиболее вирулентный, обладает схожим уровнем вирулентности со штаммом NK. Суммарно, полученные данные свидетельствуют, что штаммы семейства Beijing демонстрируют различный спектр фенотипической вирулентности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>mycobacteria</kwd><kwd>murine model</kwd><kwd>Beijing B0/W148</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулез</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd><kwd>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>микобактерии</kwd><kwd>мышиные модели</kwd><kwd>Beijing B0/W14</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (№ 17-15-01412)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Andreevskaia S.N., Chernousova L.N., Smirnova T.G., Larionova E.E., Kuz’min A.V. Impact of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genotype on survival in mice with experimental tuberculosis. 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