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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">752</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-2019-3-4-437-448</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Yersinia pseudotuberculosis-derived adhesins</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Адгезины Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Byvalov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бывалов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, </p><p>Kirov</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. лабораторией физиологии микроорганизмов,</p><p>г. Киров</p></bio><email>byvalov@nextmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konyshev</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Конышев</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Microbial Physiology, </p><p>Kirov</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории физиологии микроорганизмов,</p><p>г. Киров</p></bio><email>konyshevil@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Physiology of the Komi Science Center, Ural Branch of the RAS, Vyatka State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физиологии Коми научного центра УрО РАН, Вятский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-11-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>11</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>3-4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>437</fpage><lpage>448</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2018-09-17"><day>17</day><month>09</month><year>2018</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2019-04-09"><day>09</day><month>04</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Byvalov A.A., Konyshev I.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Бывалов А.А., Конышев И.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Byvalov A.A., Konyshev I.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бывалов А.А., Конышев И.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/752">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/752</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Around fifteen surface components referred to adhesins have been identified in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis combining primarily microbiological, molecular and genetic, as well as immunochemical and biophysical methods. Y. pseudotuberculosis-derived adhesins vary in structure and chemical composition but they are mainly presented by protein molecules. Some of them were shown to participate not only in adhesive but in other pathogen-related physiological functions in the host-parasite interplay. Adhesins can mediate bacterial adhesion to eukaryotic cell either directly or via the extracellular matrix components. These adhesion molecules are encoded by chromosomal DNA excepting YadA protein which gene is located in the calcium-dependence plasmid pYV common for pathogenic yersisniae. An optimum temperature for adhesin biosynthesis is located close to the body temperature of warm-blooded animals; however, at low temperature only invasin InvA, full-length smooth lipopolysaccharide and porin OmpF are produced in Y. pseudotuberculosis. Several adhesins (Psa, InvA) can be expressed at low pH (corresponds to intracellular content), thereby defining pathogenic yersiniae as facultative intracellular parasites. Three human Yersinia genus pathogens differ by ability to produce adhesins. Y. pseudotuberculosis adherence to host cells or extracellular matrix components is determined by a cumulative adhesion-based activity, which expression depends on chemical composition and physicochemical environmental conditions. It’s proposed that at the initial stage of infectious process adherence of Y. pseudotuberculosis to intestinal epithelium is mediated by InvA protein and “smooth” LPS form. These adhesins are produced in bacterial cells at low (lower than 30°С) temperature occurring in environment from which a pathogen invades into the host. At later stages of pathogenesis, after penetrating through intestinal epithelium, bacterial cells produce other adhesins, which promote survival and dissemination primarily into the mesenteric lymph nodes and, possibly, liver and spleen. At later stages of pathogenesis, after penetrating through intestinal epithelium, bacterial cells produce other adhesins, which promote survival and dissemination primarily into the mesenteric lymph nodes and, perhaps, liver and spleen. Qualitative and quantitative spectrum of Y. pseudotuberculosis adhesins is determined by environmental parameters (intercellular space, intracellular content within the diverse eukaryotic cells).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В составе клеток Yersinia pseudotuberculosis идентифицировано порядка 15 поверхностных компонентов, которые можно отнести к числу бактериальных адгезинов. Это устанавливалось с помощью сочетания, в первую очередь, микробиологических, молекулярно-генетических, иммунохимических, биофизических методов исследования. Адгезины Y. pseudotuberculosis различаются по структуре и химическому составу, но преимущественно это белковые молекулы. Они могут обеспечивать адгезию бактерий к телу эукариотической клетки либо непосредственно либо через компоненты внеклеточного матрикса. Для ряда из них установлено участие в выполнении не только адгезивных, но и иных физиологических функций возбудителя в системе «паразит–хозяин». Биосинтез вышеуказанных адгезинов кодируется хромосомной ДНК; исключение составляет белок YadA, кодируемый плазмидой кальцийзависимости pYV, общей для патогенных иерсиний. Оптимальная температура для биосинтеза адгезинов — температура тела теплокровных, лишь инвазин InvA, полноценная, «гладкая» форма липополисахарида (ЛПС) и OmpF продуцируются Y. pseudotuberculosis при более низких температурах. Несколько адгезинов (Psa, InvA) могут экспрессироваться при кислых значениях рН, соответствующих внутриклеточному содержимому, — патогенные иерсинии являются факультативными внутриклеточными паразитами. Три патогенных для человека вида иерсиний различаются между собой по способности к продукции тех или иных адгезинов. Адгезия бактерий Y. pseudotuberculosis к клеткам или внеклеточным компонентам ткани хозяина на различных стадиях инфекционного процесса определяется совокупным действием нескольких адгезинов, перечень которых зависит от химического состава и физикохимических свойств окружающей микроб среды. Предполагается, что на начальном этапе инфекционного процесса адгезивность Y. pseudotuberculosis, являющегося энтеропатогеном, к клеткам слизистой кишечника определяется преимущественно белком InvA и «холодовым» вариантом ЛПС. Именно эти адгезины продуцируются клетками возбудителя при пониженной (менее 30°С) температуре, характерной для внешней среды, откуда они поступают в организм человека. На последующих стадиях патогенеза, после преодоления эпителиального барьера тонкого кишечника, бактерии начинают экспрессировать иные адгезины, способствующие выживанию и распространению возбудителя в организме хозяина, в первую очередь диссеминации в мезентериальные лимфатические узлы и, возможно, в печень и селезенку. При этом качественный и количественный спектр адгезинов, продуцируемых бактериями Y. pseudotuberculosis, определяется свойствами окружающей микроб среды макроорганизма (межклеточное пространство, внутриклеточное содержимое тех или иных эукариотических клеток).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</kwd><kwd>adhesins</kwd><kwd>receptor</kwd><kwd>eukaryotic cell</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</kwd><kwd>адгезины</kwd><kwd>рецептор</kwd><kwd>эукариотическая клетка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Бывалов А.А., Кононенко В.Л., Конышев И.В. Влияние О-боковых цепей липополисахарида на адгезивность Yersinia pseudotuberculosis к макрофагам J774, установленное методом оптической ловушки // Прикладная биохимия и микробиология. 2017. Т. 53, № 2. 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