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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2091</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-ABI-2091</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en"><italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> in blood-borne and central nervous system infections in intensive care unit children: molecular and genetic characteristics and clinical significance</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title><italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> при инфекциях кровотока и центральной нервной системы у детей в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии: молекулярно-генетическая характеристика и клиническая значимость</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadeeva</surname><given-names>Zulfirya Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садеева</surname><given-names>Зульфиря Закиевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>Irina E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Ирина Евгеньевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alyabyeva</surname><given-names>Natalia M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алябьева</surname><given-names>Наталья Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Virology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник, зав. лабораторией экспериментальной иммунологии и вирусологии</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>Анна Валерьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Head Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Head of the Microbiology Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии, зав. лабораторией микробиологии </p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Komyagina</surname><given-names>Tatiana M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комягина</surname><given-names>Татьяна Михайловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Virology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории экспериментальной иммунологии и вирусологии</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karaseva</surname><given-names>Olga V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карасева</surname><given-names>Ольга Витальевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Head of the Department of Emergency Surgery and Pediatric Trauma; Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Head of the Department of Combined Trauma, Anesthesiology-Resuscitation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зав. отделом неотложной хирургии и травм детского возраста; зам. директора по научной работе, руководитель отдела сочетанной травмы, анестезиологии-реанимации</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vershinina</surname><given-names>Marina G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вершинина</surname><given-names>Марина Германовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Medical Genomics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории медицинской геномики</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fisenko</surname><given-names>Andrey P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фисенко</surname><given-names>Андрей Петрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, директор</p></bio><email>zulfiryasadeeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАУ Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр здоровья детей Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Department of Public Health of Moscow</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-03-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>289</fpage><lpage>301</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-12-05"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-03-11"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Sadeeva Z.Z., Novikova I.E., Alyabyeva N.M., Lazareva A.V., Komyagina T.M., Karaseva O.V., Vershinina M.G., Fisenko A.P.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Садеева З.З., Новикова И.Е., Алябьева Н.М., Лазарева А.В., Комягина Т.М., Карасева О.В., Вершинина М.Г., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadeeva Z.Z., Novikova I.E., Alyabyeva N.M., Lazareva A.V., Komyagina T.M., Karaseva O.V., Vershinina M.G., Fisenko A.P.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садеева З.З., Новикова И.Е., Алябьева Н.М., Лазарева А.В., Комягина Т.М., Карасева О.В., Вершинина М.Г., Фисенко А.П.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2091">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2091</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> is a representative of the peak priority nosocomial pathogens capable of causing infections with high mortality and economic treatment costs. The purpose of our study was to determine a role of <italic>A. baumannii</italic> in blood-borne and central nervous system infections in children. We conducted a retrospective study of <italic>A. baumannii</italic> — associated cases of bacteremia and CNS infection in children. <italic>A. baumannii</italic> strains were isolated from 17 children followed up with surgical pathology (congenital heart defects — 24%, abdominal pathology — 29%, severe combined trauma — 29%) and with somatic diseases accompanied by antibacterial and/or glucocorticosteroid therapy — 18%. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics were determined by the broth microdilution method. Carbapenemase genes were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Biofilm formation genes were determined by PCR. Biofilms were grown using flat-bottomed polystyrene tablets, followed by coloring, fixation, elution and detection. Population diversity was assessed by the multilocus sequence typing. About a quarter of cases of bacteremia and central nervous system infection caused by <italic>A. baumannii</italic> had an unfavorable outcome. Resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones was more than 70%. Carbapenemases of the OXA-23 (24%) and OXA-40 (41%) groups were identified. The study of biofilm production showed that <italic>A. baumannii</italic> isolates formed biofilms of varying intensity: weak biofilms (59%), moderate (35%) and strong (6%). During determining the sensitivity to meropenem for biofilm and planktonic forms of cultures, it was determined that the minimum inhibitory concentrations of meropenem were significantly higher for biofilms than for planktonic forms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of meropenem for plankton cells ranged from 0.5 to 512 mg/l. While in biofilms the same microorganisms had <italic>in vitro</italic> minimum inhibitory concentrations of meropenem within 128 to 512 mg/l and higher. All isolates bore biofilm formation regulating genes: <italic>bfmR</italic>, <italic>bap</italic> and <italic>katE</italic>. The <italic>ompA</italic> gene was found in 94% strains, and the <italic>csuA/B</italic> gene was found in 88%. The population pattern of <italic>A. baumannii</italic> isolated from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children was represented by nine different sequence types. Most of the isolates were represented by genotypes: ST944<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST1550<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST1104<sup>Oxf</sup> belonging to the international clonal line ICL6, and ST450<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST2063<sup>Oxf</sup> and ST1102<sup>Oxf</sup> of the international clonal line ICL2. Blood-borne and central nervous system infections associated with <italic>A. baumannii</italic> have a great importance in clinical practice. This microorganism is able to persist for a long time on biotic and abiotic surfaces, has a wide natural and acquired antibiotics resistance.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Acinetobacter baumannii</italic> является представителем наиболее приоритетных нозокомиальных возбудителей, способных вызывать инфекции с высокой смертностью и экономическими затратами на лечение. Целью нашего исследования было определение роли <italic>A. baumannii</italic> при инфекциях кровотока и центральной нервной системы у детей. Нами проведено ретроспективное исследование <italic>A. baumannii</italic>-ассоциированных случаев бактериемии и инфекции ЦНС у детей. Изоляты <italic>A. baumannii</italic> были выделены от 17 детей, которые наблюдались с хирургической патологией (врожденные пороки сердца — 24%, абдоминальная патология — 29%, тяжелая сочетанная травма — 29%) и с соматическими заболеваниями, сопровождающимися антибактериальнойи/или глюкокортикостероидной терапией — 18%. Минимальные подавляющие концентрации антибиотиков определяли методом серийных микроразведений в бульоне. Карбапенемазы выявляли методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. Гены биопленкообразования определяли методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Биопленки выращивали с использованием плоскодонных полистироловых планшетов с последующей окраской, фиксированием, элюированием и детекцией результатов. Популяционное разнообразие оценивали методом мультилокусного сиквенс-типирования. Около четверти случаев бактериемии и инфекции центральной нервной системы, вызванных <italic>A. baumannii</italic>, имели неблагоприятный исход. Резистентность к карбапенемам, аминогликозидам, фторхинолонам составила более 70%. Были определены карбапенемазы группы OXA-23 (24%) и OXA-40 (41%). Изучение продукции биопленок показало, что изоляты <italic>A. baumannii</italic> формировали биопленки различной интенсивности: слабые биопленки (59%), умеренные (35%) и сильные (6%). При определении чувствительности к меропенему для биопленочных и планктонных форм культур было определено, что минимальные подавляющие концентрации меропенема для биопленок были значимо выше, чем для планктонных форм. Минимальные подавляющие концентрации меропенема для планктонных клеток распределялись от 0,5 до 512 мг/л. В то время как эти же микроорганизмы в биопленках имели минимальные подавляющие концентрации меропенема <italic>in vitro</italic> в концентрациях от 128 до 512 мг/л и выше. Все изоляты имели гены, регулирующие образование биопленки: <italic>bfmR, bap</italic> и <italic>katE</italic>. Ген <italic>ompA</italic> был обнаружен у 94% штаммов, а ген <italic>csuA/B</italic> — у 88%. Популяционная структура изолятов <italic>A. baumannii</italic>, выделенных из крови и ликвора у детей, была представлена девятью различными сиквенс-типами. Большая часть изолятов была представлена генотипами: ST944<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST1550<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST1104<sup>Oxf</sup>, относящимися к международной клональной лини ICL6, и ST450<sup>Oxf</sup>, ST2063<sup>Oxf</sup> и ST1102<sup>Oxf</sup> международной клональной линии ICL2. Инфекции кровотока и центральной нервной системы, ассоциированные <italic>A. baumannii</italic>, имеют большое значение в клинической практике. Этот микроорганизм способен длительное время сохраняться на биотических и абиотических поверхностях, обладает широкой природной и приобретенной резистентностью к антибиотикам.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>A. baumannii</kwd><kwd>bloodstream infections</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>virulence</kwd><kwd>nosocomial infections</kwd><kwd>lethality</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>A. baumannii</kwd><kwd>инфекции кровотока</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>вирулентность</kwd><kwd>нозокомиальные инфекции</kwd><kwd>летальность</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Шек Е.А., Сухорукова М.В., Эйдельштейн М.В., Склеенова Е.Ю., Иванчик Н.В., Шайдуллина Э.Р., Кузьменков А.Ю., Дехнич А.В., Козлов Р.С., Семенова Н.В., Слепакова С.А., Шепотайлова Н.В., Стребкова В.В., Рыбина Н.А., Яранцева Н.З., Перевалова Е.Ю., Розанова С.М., Наговицина С.Г., Молдовану М.Г., Насыбуллова З.З., Архипенко М.В., Шахмурадян Р.М., Нижегородцева И.А., Варибрус Е.В., Александрова И.А., Лазарева А.В., Крыжановская О.А., Маркелова Н.Н., Чернявская Ю.Л., Лебедева Е.В., Кириллова Г.Ш., Беккер Г.Г., Попова Л.Д., Елохина Е.В., Смолькова Ю.Е., Зиновьев Д.Ю., Итяева Л.Н., Блинова Г.Ю., Зубарева Н.А., Витязева В.П., Плаксина М.Г., Куцевалова О.Ю., Панова Н.И., Суборова Т.Н., Полухина О.В., Ворошилова Т.М., Чурикова Е.М., Москвитина Е.Н., Кречикова О.И., Петрова Т.А., Мартьянова Н.М., Хохлова К.О., Гудкова Л.В., Быконя С.А., Хохлявина Р.М., Шпилькина Л.В., Бурасова Е.Г., Хребтовская В.А., Молчанова И.В., Звонарева О.В., Корнилова П.А., Крянга В.Г., Портнягина У.С., Шамаева С.Х., Попов Д.А., Вострикова Т.Ю. 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