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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2052</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-IOB-2052</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">INVESTIGATION OF BACTERIAL AND VIRAL SLOW INTERVERTEBRAL DISC INFECTIONS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ И ВИРУСНЫХ ВЯЛОТЕКУЩИХ ИНФЕКЦИЙ МЕЖПОЗВОНКОВЫХ ДИСКОВ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Isroilov</surname><given-names>Somon Kurbonovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исроилов</surname><given-names>Сомон Курбонович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>somonisroilov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shigapov</surname><given-names>Marsel Albertovich</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шигапов</surname><given-names>Марсель Альбертович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>marsruber2804@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murasov</surname><given-names>Artur</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурасов</surname><given-names>Артур Мансафович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>murasov_artur@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzhabaeva</surname><given-names>Aliya Gumerovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кужабаева</surname><given-names>Алия Гумеровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>aliya.kuzhabaeva98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonorov</surname><given-names>Kirill</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никоноров</surname><given-names>Кирилл Александрович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>k.nikonorov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Skudarnova</surname><given-names>Maria Vyacheslavovna</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скударнова</surname><given-names>Мария Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент</p></bio><email>margaritasokolova537@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Башкирский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rostov State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ростовский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-07-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-23"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-06-21"><day>21</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Isroilov S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Исроилов С.</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Isroilov S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исроилов С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2052">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2052</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Objective</bold>. Currently, few publications have been available regarding an effect of level, type of intrusion, and viral infections on spinal disc degeneration. The study was aimed to evaluate an incidence of indolent bacterial and viral intervertebral disc infections in unstratified group of patients operated on for spinal degenerative pathologies.</p> <p><bold>Material and methods</bold>. For the study, intraoperative disc samples were collected from patients who underwent discectomy and total spinal fusion surgery for degenerative pathologies between the years December, 2018 to January, 2020. 447 samples were examined obtained from 392 patients (189 women and 203 men) with a mean age of 58.1 years.</p> <p>The following epidemiological and clinical data were collected: gender, age, spinal segments affected, type of surgical approach, preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP; reference range 0.0–0.5 mg/dL), and preoperative as well as 6-month postoperative ODI and NDI, both expressed as a percentage. The incidence of postoperative infections within six months after surgery as well as MI for each operated segment was assessed. Only patients with ventral cervical or dorsal thoracic access were enrolled in the study. In the lumbar region, the ventral assess was chosen for anterior lumbar interbody fusion, the lateral approach – for oblique or extreme lateral interbody fusion, and the dorsal approach in case of standard microdiscectomy of posterior transforaminal interbody fusion or transforaminal interbody fusion.</p> <p>A logistic regression analysis was performed to model a risk of positive microbiological culture and a risk of emerging modal changes by using a set of independent variables selected in a stepwise manner by using the Akaike information criterion as a measure of quality of select procedure.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> MRI for modal analysis was available for all 447 segments. MRI revealed 45 type 1 SCs (10.07% of all segments), 118 type 2 SCs (26.4%), and 5 type 3 SCs (1.12%). Microbiological culture was available in 410 segments. In these 410 segments, 39 type 1 MCs, 113 type 2 MCs, and 5 type 3 MCs were found. A statistically significant relationship was found between SC type 2 and a positive microbiological result (p = 0.0127). In contrast, there were no statistically significant associations for type 1 and type 3 SCs (p =0.3052 and p =0.0767, respectively).</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> A relation between disc degeneration and infections seems unlikely. Histopathological evidence of inflammation in degenerated discs is rare and unrelated to microbiological findings.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Цель исследования. </bold>Существует небольшое количество литературы о влиянии уровня, вида доступа и вирусных инфекций на дегенерацию позвоночного диска. Целью данного исследования была оценка частоты вялотекущих бактериальных и вирусных инфекций межпозвонковых дисков в неотобранной группе пациентов, оперированных по поводу дегенеративных патологий позвоночника.</p> <p><bold>Материал и методы. </bold>Для исследования были собраны образцы дисков во время операции у пациентов, перенесших дискэктомию и операцию спондилодеза всего позвоночника в связи с дегенеративными патологиями в период с декабря 2018 г. по январь 2020 г. Было исследовано 447 образцов от 392 пациентов (189 женщин и 203 мужчин) со средним возрастом 58,1 года.</p> <p>Были собраны следующие эпидемиологические и клинические данные: пол, возраст, пораженные сегменты позвоночника, тип хирургического доступа, предоперационный показатель С-реактивного белка (СРБ; референсный диапазон 0,0–0,5 мг/дл), а также дооперационный и шестимесячный послеоперационный ODI и NDI, оба выражены в процентах. Также была оценена частота возникновение послеоперационных инфекций в течение шести месяцев после операции. МИ оценивали для каждого оперированного сегмента. В это исследование были включены только пациенты с вентральным хирургическим доступом в шейном отделе или дорсальным доступом в грудном отделе. В поясничной области был выбран вентральный доступ для переднего поясничного межтелового спондилодеза, латеральный доступ для косого или крайнего латерального межтелового спондилодеза и дорсальный доступ в случаях стандартной микродискэктомии задннго трансфораминальногомежтелового спондилодеза или трансфораминального межтелового спондилодеза.</p> <p>Был проведен логистический регрессионный анализ для моделирования риска положительной микробиологической культуры и риска проявления модических изменений с использованием набора независимых переменных. Переменные отбирались поэтапно с использованием информационного критерия Акаике в качестве меры качества процедуры отбора.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>МРТ для анализа модических изменений была доступна для всех 447 сегментов. На МРТ обнаружено 45 СК 1-го типа (10,07% от всех сегментов), 118 СК 2-го типа (26,4%) и 5 ​​СК 3-го типа (1,12%). Микробиологическая культура была доступна в 410 сегментах. В этих 410 сегментах обнаружены 39 ТК 1-го типа, 113 ТК 2-го типа и 5 ТК 3-го типа. Обнаружена статистически значимая связь между СК 2 типа и положительным микробиологическим результатом (р = 0,0127). Напротив, не было статистически значимых ассоциаций относительно СК типа 1 и типа 3 (р = 0,3052 и р = 0,0767 соответственно).</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Связь дегенерации диска и инфекций представляется маловероятной. Гистопатологические признаки воспаления в дегенерированных дисках встречаются редко и не связаны с микробиологическими данными.</p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intervertebral disc infection</kwd><kwd>postoperative spondylodiscitis</kwd><kwd>disc degeneration</kwd><kwd>microbiological culture</kwd><kwd>spinal fusion</kwd><kwd>histopathological analysis.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекция межпозвоночного диска</kwd><kwd>послеоперационный спондилодисцит</kwd><kwd>дегенерация диска</kwd><kwd>микробиологическая культура</kwd><kwd>спондилодез</kwd><kwd>гистопатологический анализ.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Achermann Y., Goldstein E.J., Coenye T., Shirtliff M.E. Propionibacterium acnes: from commensal to opportunistic biofilm-associated implant pathogen. 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