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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2024</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-PAO-2024</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pharmaceutical activity of a synthetic heterocyclic (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>5</sub>OCl) compound on <italic>Entamoeba histolytica</italic> and <italic>Giardia lamblia</italic></article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фармацевтическая активность синтетического гетероциклического (C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>5</sub>OCl) соединения в отношении <italic>Entamoeba histolytica</italic> и <italic>Giardia lamblia</italic></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Obaid</surname><given-names>Hiro Mohammed</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обейд</surname><given-names>Хиро Мохаммед</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IQ">Iraq</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры медицинских лабораторных технологий</p></bio><email>dr.obaidhm13@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sale</surname><given-names>Sayran Sattar</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сале</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IQ">Iraq</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Department of Chemistry</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор факультета химии</p></bio><email>dr.obaidhm13@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boundenga</surname><given-names>Larson</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бунденга</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="GA">Gabon</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of Parasitology Department (Unit of Wildlife Parasites and Neglected Parasitoses), Group of Evolution and Interspecies Transmission of Pathogens; Department of Athropology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель отдела паразитологии (подразделения паразитов дикой природы и «забытых» паразитозов) Группы эволюции и межвидовой передачи патогенов; кафедра антропологии</p></bio><email>dr.obaidhm13@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Northern Technical University, College of Health and Medical Techniques</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северный технический университет, Колледж здравоохранения и медицинских технологий</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kirkuk University, College of Science</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Киркукский университет, Научный колледж</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">International Centre for Medical Research of Franceville</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Международный центр медицинских исследований Франсвиля</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Durham University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Даремский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-01-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>119</fpage><lpage>126</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-06"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Obaid H.M., Sale S.S., Boundenga L.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Обейд Х.М., Сале С.С., Бунденга Л.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Obaid H.M., Sale S.S., Boundenga L.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Обейд Х.М., Сале С.С., Бунденга Л.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2024">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/2024</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Background.</italic> Intestinal parasites are among the most important infectious agents with an impact on human health. Indeed, in the lack of an available treatment option, these parasites could constitute a real health problem in the population. In the present study, we investigated for the first time the effect of a novel synthetic heterocyclic ((C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>5</sub>OCL)2-(benzo(d)(1,2,3)triazol-1-yl)-N-benzylideneacetohydrazine) compound on two intestinal parasites (<italic>Entamoeba histolytica</italic> and <italic>Giardia lamblia</italic>). <italic>Methods.</italic> The parasite isolates tested were collected from outpatients at the General Pediatric Hospital in Kirkuk, Iraq, between September 2019 and January 2020. Thus, we studied the <italic>in vivo</italic> and <italic>in vitro</italic> pharmaceutical activity of the ingredient on both parasites. The toxicological effects of the substance on some blood parameters and liver and kidney function tests were also studied. <italic>Results.</italic> After five days of treatment, the drug’s <italic>in vivo</italic> action on <italic>G. lamblia</italic> resulted in an inhibition rate of 88.2% at a dose of 1 mg/kg. On the other hand, we observed that the influence of this synthetic substance on cultured <italic>E. histolytica</italic> was very close to the metronidazole effect. The maximum result was at a concentration of 1 g/ml and was obtained after 72 hours of incubation with an inhibition rate of 89.4%. The substance did not affect the blood parameters or the studied liver and kidney functions. <italic>Conclusion.</italic> It can be concluded that this substance is highly effective against both <italic>E. histolytica</italic> and <italic>G. lamblia</italic>, and that it has no toxic effects on the studied parameters. Therefore, it could be a promising pharmacophore for intestinal protozoan parasites including <italic>E. histolytica</italic> and <italic>G. lamblia</italic> and an alternative or competitor to the current medications available.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Актуальность.</italic> Кишечные паразиты являются одними из наиболее важных инфекционных агентов, влияющих на здоровье человека. Действительно, при отсутствии доступного варианта лечения такие паразиты могут представлять реальную проблему для здоровья населения. В настоящем исследовании мы впервые исследовали действие нового синтетического гетероциклического соединения [(C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>N<sub>5</sub>OCL)2-(бензо(d)(1,2,3)триазол-1-ил)-N-бензилиденацетогидразин] в отношении двух кишечных паразитов (<italic>Entamoeba histolytica</italic> и <italic>Giardia lamblia</italic>). <italic>Методы.</italic> Тестируемые изоляты паразитов были собраны от амбулаторных пациентов в Главной детской больнице в Киркуке, Ирак, в период с сентября 2019 г. по январь 2020 г. Таким образом, мы изучили фармацевтическую активность использованного соединения <italic>in vivo</italic> и <italic>in vitro</italic> в отношении обоих паразитов. Токсичность вещества изучалась по некоторым показателям крови и функциональным пробам печени и почек. <italic>Результаты.</italic> После пяти дней лечения действие препарата <italic>in vivo</italic> на <italic>G. lamblia</italic> привело к степени ингибирования 88,2% при дозе 1 мг/кг. С другой стороны, мы наблюдали, что влияние указанного синтетического вещества на культуру <italic>E. histolytica</italic> было очень близко к действию метронидазола. Максимальный результат был получен при концентрации 1 г/мл через 72 ч инкубации со степенью ингибирования 89,4%. Соединение не влияло на показатели крови или изучаемые функции печени и почек. <italic>Заключение.</italic> Можно сделать вывод, что данное вещество обладает высокой эффективностью как в отношении <italic>E. histolytica</italic>, так и в отношении <italic>G. lamblia</italic> и не оказывает токсического действия. Таким образом, соединение может быть эффективным фармпрепаратом в отношении кишечных простейших паразитов, включая <italic>E. histolytica</italic> и <italic>G. lamblia</italic>, а также альтернативой или конкурентом доступных в настоящее время лекарственных средств.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pharmaceutical</kwd><kwd>activity</kwd><kwd>synthetized</kwd><kwd>heterocyclic compound</kwd><kwd>Entamoeba histolytica</kwd><kwd>Giardia lamblia</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фармацевтика</kwd><kwd>активность</kwd><kwd>синтез</kwd><kwd>гетероциклическое соединение</kwd><kwd>Entamoeba histolytica</kwd><kwd>Giardia lamblia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Al-Salihi S., Israa A., Israa A., Fournier J. 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