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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18195</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-IEB-18195</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">INVESTIGATING EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INTRASPECIES DIVERSITY AND IDENTIFYING VIRAL GENOVARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH MALIGNANCIES DEVELOPMENT</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение внутривидового разнообразие вируса Эпштейна-Барр и поиск геновариантов вируса, ассоциированных с развитием онкологических заболеваний</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-7191</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1986-8147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatova</surname><given-names>Elena N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатова</surname><given-names>Елена Николаевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Sciences in Biology, leading researcher</p>
<p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной биологии и биотехнологии, кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><email>el.filatova83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7571-525X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1174-6500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Utkin</surname><given-names>Oleg V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уткин</surname><given-names>Олег Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head of Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной биологии и биотехнологии</p></bio><email>utkino2004@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1051-882X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5107-4997</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitriev</surname><given-names>Sergey P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриев</surname><given-names>Сергей Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>head of the 9th oncology department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>заведующий 9-ым онкологическим отделением</p></bio><email>sergei-fcsm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-0753</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9828-9522</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gamayunov</surname><given-names>Sergey V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гамаюнов</surname><given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Science in Medical Sciences, Professor, Head Physician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, доцент, главный врач</p></bio><email>sgamajnovs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Blokhina Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Nizhny Novgorod</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Нижегородский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. академика И.Н. Блохиной» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Clinical Oncology "Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ГАУЗ НО «НИИКО «Нижегородский областной клинический онкологический диспансер»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-09-06" publication-format="electronic"><day>06</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-06"><day>06</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-08-09"><day>09</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Filatova E.N., Utkin O.V., Dmitriev S.P., Gamayunov S.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Филатова Е.Н., Уткин О.В., Дмитриев С.П., Гамаюнов С.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filatova E.N., Utkin O.V., Dmitriev S.P., Gamayunov S.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филатова Е.Н., Уткин О.В., Дмитриев С.П., Гамаюнов С.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/18195">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/18195</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus linked to development of specific malignancies. EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) encoded by <bold><italic>LMP-1</italic></bold><italic> </italic>gene markedly contributes to EBV-related transforming potential. The 3′-end of <bold><italic>LMP-1</italic></bold> gene, corresponding to the C-terminal region of the relevant protein, encodes three functional domains involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival of infected cells, recognition of viral antigens by immune cells, and, consequently, EBV transforming activity. Molecular genetic polymorphism of this region underlies a widely used EBV-specific intraspecies classification. It seems plausible to further refine and expand current classification required to identify novel EBV genovariants, including those associated with malignancy. <bold>1,113 nucleotide sequences</bold> of <bold>EBV <italic>LMP-1</italic></bold> gene 3′-terminal fragment deposited in the <bold>NCBI Nucleotide</bold> database were analyzed. Based on signature substitutions, sequences were assigned to variant groups according to intraspecies classification proposed by <bold>Edwards et al. (1999)</bold>. Within each variant, genovariants were identified according to characteristic nucleotide substitutions and minimal pairwise p-distances. <bold>23 EBV genovariants</bold> were identified. Classification accuracy was evaluated using within-group and between-group p-distances, whereas reproducibility was assessed by comparing phylogenetic trees with tanglegram-based analysis. It was found out that <bold><italic>B95-8 / Q, Med / EGE, Med / L, NC / GP</italic></bold> and <bold><italic>Alaskan / T</italic></bold> dominated in Russian Federation population. Recombinant origin was confirmed for <bold><italic>B95-8 / N</italic></bold> genovariant. Associations between EBV genovariant and malignancy were investigated for <bold>nasopharyngeal carcinoma</bold> in Chinese population, <bold>Burkitt lymphoma</bold> in Kenyan population, <bold>Hodgkin lymphoma</bold> in Brazilian population, and <bold>T-cell lymphoma</bold> in Japanese population. Carriage of the following genovariants was associated with increased odds of developing: nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese population – for<bold><italic> China 1 / HEED</italic></bold><italic> </italic>genovariant with <bold>G167859A</bold> nt (<bold>G335D aa)</bold> substitution; Burkitt lymphoma in Kenyan population – for <bold><italic>China 1 / NQEG</italic></bold><italic> </italic>genovariant with substitution <bold>C168226A nt (H213N aa)</bold>. No associations with specific EBV genovariants were identified for Hodgkin lymphoma or T-cell lymphoma. Likewise, no association was observed between odds of studied malignancies and quantity of tandem <bold>33-nt (11-aa) repeats</bold>, the presence of either <bold>15-nt (5-aa) insertion</bold> or 3<bold>0-nt (10-aa) deletion</bold> in viral sequence.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вирус Эпштейна-Барр (ВЭБ) — повсеместно распространенный вирус, ассоциированный с развитием некоторых онкологических заболеваний. Значительный вклад в трансформирующий потенциал ВЭБ вносит одноименный продукт гена <italic>LMP-1</italic>. 3`-конец гена <italic>LMP-1</italic>, соответствующий С-концевому фрагменту белка, кодирует три функциональных домена, участвующих в регуляции пролиферации, выживании инфицированных клеток, распознавании вирусных антигенов клетками иммунной системы и напрямую обуславливающих трансформирующий потенциал ВЭБ. Молекулярно-генетический полиморфизм данного фрагмента является основой распространенной внутривидовой классификации. Представляется целесообразным ее дополнение и расширение с целью выявления новых геновариантов, в том числе, ассоциированных с развитием онкологических заболеваний. Было исследовано 1113 нуклеотидных последовательностей 3`- концевого фрагмента гена <italic>LMP-1 </italic>ВЭБ, размещенных в банке данных NCBI Nucleotide. На основании известных сигнатурных замен последовательности были отнесены к одному из вариантов по схеме наиболее широко применяемой внутривидовой классификации ВЭБ Edwards и соавт. (1999). Далее в пределах каждого варианта были выделены геноварианты, обладающие набором характерных нуклеотидных замен и минимальными значениями р-дистанций между последовательностями. Всего было выделено 23 геноварианта ВЭБ. Точность классификации оценивали по значениям внутригрупповых и внегрупповых p-дистанций, воспроизводимость — по согласованности филогенетических деревьев с использованием танглеграмм. В российской популяции установлено преобладание геновариантов ВЭБ <italic>B95-8 / Q</italic>, <italic>Med / EGE, Med / L, NC / GP</italic> и <italic>Alaskan / T</italic>. Для геноварианта <italic>B95-8 / N</italic> подтверждено рекомбинантное происхождение. Исследована ассоциация носительства геновариантов ВЭБ с развитием онкологических заболеваний: назофаренгиальной карциномы в китайской популяции, лимфомы Беркитта в кенийской популяции, лимфомы Ходжкина в бразильской популяции и Т-клеточной лимфомы в японской популяции. Установлено, что носительство геновариантов ВЭБ <italic>China 1 / HEED </italic>с заменой<italic> </italic>G167859A н.о. (G335D а.к.) в китайской популяции ассоциировано с повышенным шансом развития назофарингеальной карциномы. Носительство геноварианта ВЭБ <italic>China 1 / NQEG</italic> с заменой С168226A н.о. (H213N а.к.) в кенийской популяции взаимосвязано с повышенными шансами развития лимфомы Беркитта. Для лимфомы Ходжкина и Т-клеточной лимфомы ассоциаций с носительством определенного геноварианта ВЭБ установить не удалось. Также не было выявлено взаимосвязи повышенных шансов развития включенных в исследование онкологических заболеваний у носителя ВЭБ с количеством тандемных 33-н.о. (11-а.к.) повторов, наличием 15-н.о. (5-а.к.) вставки в области повторов и наличием 30-н.о. (10-а.к.) делеции в последовательности вируса.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Epstein-Barr virus</kwd><kwd>EBV</kwd><kwd>genovariants</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>malignancies</kwd><kwd>nasopharengeal carcinoma</kwd><kwd>NPC</kwd><kwd>Burkitt lymphoma</kwd><kwd>BL.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус Эпштейна-Барр</kwd><kwd>ВЭБ</kwd><kwd>геноварианты</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>онкологические заболевания</kwd><kwd>назофаренгиальная карцинома</kwd><kwd>НФК</kwd><kwd>лимфома Беркитта</kwd><kwd>ЛБ.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Rospotrebnadzor's Sectoral Research Program for 2026–2030 "Scientific Support for Managing the Epidemiological Process of Socially Significant, Particularly Dangerous Infections and State Biosecurity Based on Genomic Epidemiological Surveillance, Synthetic Biology, and Digital Technologies", section 1.3.3</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отраслевая научно-исследовательская программа Роспотребнадзора на период 2026–2030 гг. «Научное обеспечение управления эпидемическим процессом социально-значимых, особо-опасных инфекций и биобезопасности государства на основе геномного эпидемиологического надзора, синтетической биологии и цифровых технологий», п. 1.3.3</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Брызгалова Д.А., Сахарнов Н.А., Попкова М.И., Соболева Е.А., Кулова Е.А., Уткин О.В. 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