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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1810</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-CMS-1810</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Topical issues of clinical symptoms and diagnostics of septic shock</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Субпопуляции циркулирующих моноцитов как потенциальные биомаркеры тяжести заболевания у больных вирусным циррозом печени</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-8643</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Leplina</surname><given-names>Olga Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леплина</surname><given-names>Ольга Юрьевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p></bio><email>oleplina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7987-2017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>Marina A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Марина А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p></bio><email>martix-59@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0463-0002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Meledina</surname><given-names>Ilona V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меледина</surname><given-names>Илона В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head of the Immunology Department, Clinics of Immunopathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зав. отделением иммунологии клиники иммунопатологии</p></bio><email>ilonameledina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-2630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zheltova</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Желтова</surname><given-names>Ольга И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Immunologist, Immunology Department, Clinics of Immunopathology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач-иммунолог отделения иммунологии клиники иммунопатологии</p></bio><email>olzheltova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8997-3586</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevela</surname><given-names>Ekaterina Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевела</surname><given-names>Екатерина Я.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p></bio><email>shevelak@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6895-938X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostanin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останин</surname><given-names>Александр А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher, Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории клеточной иммунотерапии</p></bio><email>ostanin62@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-6279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernykh</surname><given-names>Elena R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черных</surname><given-names>Елена Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, RAS Corresponding Member, Head of the Laboratory of Cellular Immunotherapy</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, зав. лабораторией клеточной иммунотерапии</p></bio><email>ct_lab@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт фундаментальной и клинической иммунологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-04-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>475</fpage><lpage>485</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-11-02"><day>02</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-14"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Leplina O.Y., Tikhonova M.A., Meledina I.V., Zheltova O.I., Shevela E.Y., Ostanin A.A., Chernykh E.R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Леплина О.Ю., Тихонова М.А., Меледина И.В., Желтова О.И., Шевела Е.Я., Останин А.А., Черных Е.Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leplina O.Y., Tikhonova M.A., Meledina I.V., Zheltova O.I., Shevela E.Y., Ostanin A.A., Chernykh E.R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Леплина О.Ю., Тихонова М.А., Меледина И.В., Желтова О.И., Шевела Е.Я., Останин А.А., Черных Е.Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1810">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1810</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Viral hepatitis remains the most common cause of liver cirrhosis (LC). Monocytes, capable of migrating to the liver and participating in inflammation and fibrogenesis, play an important role in the LC pathogenesis as confirmed by the association of certain monocyte subsets with the disease severity and mortality in alcoholic and biliary LC. However, the clinical and prognostic relevance of monocytes in viral LC remains poorly investigated. This study was aimed to investigate the disturbances in circulating monocytes including classical (CD14<sup>++</sup>CD16<sup>–</sup>, cMo), intermediate (CD14<sup>++</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup>, iMo) and non-classical monocytes (CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>++</sup>, nMo) in patients with viral LC, as well as their correlation with viral characteristics, LC severity and progression of the disease 12 months after combination therapy. A significant increase in iMo and nMo, cMo level tended to decrease, and a two-fold decline in cMo/iMo ratio was revealed in patients with viral LC vs. healthy donors. These changes in monocyte pattern did not depend on the type of virus (HCV vs HBV/HDV) or its replication (replication vs the integrative phase), but were associated with the LC severity. The iMo level was positively correlated with laboratory indicators of liver damage, Child–Pugh (r<sub>S</sub> = 0.57; P = 0.001) and MELD score (r<sub>S</sub> = 0.41; P = 0.033). ROC analysis showed that the cMo/iMo ratio at &lt; 9.5 allowed to predict the risk of LC progression with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 76.2%. Of note, in comparison groups patients with alcoholic or biliary/autoimmune LC also demonstrated increased frequencies in iMo and nMo and decreased cMo/iMo ratio. However, in this case, the LC severity was negatively correlated with CD16<sup>+</sup>monocytes, particularly with the iMo and nMo subset, respectively, in alcoholic and biliary LC, evidencing the protective role of such cell subsets. Thus in viral LC the changes in circulating monocyte profile to increased iMO and nMo as well as decreased cMo are not associated with the virus type and replication; in contrast to the alcoholic and biliary/autoimmune LC, the level of iMo directly correlates with the indicators of liver damage and LC severity; cMo/iMo ratio is a biomarker of therapy response/disease progression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вирусные гепатиты остаются одной из ведущих причин развития цирроза печени (ЦП). Моноциты, способные мигрировать в печень и участвовать в процессах воспаления и фиброгенеза, играют важную роль в патогенезе ЦП, что подтверждается сопряженностью отдельных субпопуляций моноцитов с тяжестью заболевания и летальностью при алкогольном и билиарном ЦП. Однако при вирусном ЦП патогенетическая и прогностическая значимость моноцитов остается малоизученной. Целью работы стало изучение нарушений в популяции циркулирующих моноцитов, включая классические (CD14<sup>++</sup>CD16<sup>–</sup>, кМо), промежуточные (CD14<sup>++</sup>CD16<sup>+</sup>, пМо) и неклассические моноциты (CD14<sup>+</sup>CD16<sup>++</sup>, нМо) у больных вирусным ЦП, а также сопряженности этих субпопуляций с характеристиками вируса, тяжестью и прогрессией ЦП через 12 мес. после комплексной терапии. По сравнению с донорами, у больных вирусным ЦП выявлено достоверное возрастание пMo и нМо, тенденция к снижению кМо и двукратное уменьшение индекса кМо/пМо. Эти изменения не зависели от типа вирусной инфекции (HCV против HВV/HDV) и репликации вируса (репликация против интегративной фазы), однако ассоциировались с тяжестью ЦП. Так, содержание пМо прямо коррелировало с лабораторными индикаторами печеночной недостаточности, баллом Чайлда–Пью (r<sub>S</sub> = 0,57; p = 0,001) и MЕLD (r<sub>S</sub> = 0,41; p = 0,033). ROC-анализ показал, что кМо/пМо-индекс при значениях &lt; 9,5 прогнозирует риск прогрессии ЦП с чувствительностью 83,3% и специфичностью 76,2%. Возрастание пМо, нМо и снижение индекса кМо/пМо наблюдалось также при алкогольном и билиарном/аутоиммунном ЦП. Однако в этом случае тяжесть ЦП обратно коррелировала с субпопуляциями CD16<sup>+</sup>-моноцитов, в частности с долей пМо и нМо, соответственно, при алкогольном и билиарном ЦП, свидетельствуя о протективной роли этих субпопуляций. Таким образом, при вирусном ЦП изменения структуры циркулирующих моноцитов в сторону увеличения пМо и нМо и снижения кМо не связано с типом и репликацией вируса; в отличие от алкогольного и билиарного ЦП содержание пМо прямо коррелирует с индикаторами печеночных повреждений и тяжестью ЦП; индекс кМо/пМо является биомаркером ответа на терапию/прогрессии заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monocyte subsets</kwd><kwd>viral liver cirrhosis</kwd><kwd>disease severity</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>ROC-analysis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субпопуляции моноцитов</kwd><kwd>вирусный цирроз печени</kwd><kwd>тяжесть заболевания</kwd><kwd>прогноз</kwd><kwd>ROC-анализ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное бюджетное финансирование</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Federal buget financing</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FGMN-2021-0003, интернет-номер 1021062512015-4</award-id></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное бюджетное финансирование</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Federal buget financing</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FGMN-2020-0002, интернет-номер 1021032424289-2</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств федерального бюджета на проведение фундаментальных научных исследований (FGMN-2021-0003, интернет номер 1021062512015-4) и поисковых научных исследований (FGMN-2020-0002, интернет номер 1021032424289-2).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Лурье Ю.Э., Метелин А.В., Кузнецова А.Е. 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