Russian Journal of Infection and ImmunityRussian Journal of Infection and ImmunityИнфекция и иммунитет2220-76192313-7398SPb RAACI1807510.15789/2220-7619-PPO-18075REVIEWSОБЗОРЫReview ArticlePathogenic potential of bacteria of the genus AeromonasПатогенный потенциал бактерий рода Aeromonashttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-1804-54983441-1100LogachevaSophia M.ЛогачеваСофья Максимовна
Russian Federation

Junior Researcher, Clinical Bacteriology Group

младший научный сотрудник группы клинической бактериологии

info@tniikip.rospotrebnadzor.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9966-8454369586709007639-8300KataevaLyubov V.КатаеваЛюбовь Владимировна
Russian Federation

DSc (Medicine), Head Researcher, Head of the Bacteriogical Laboratory

д.м.н., главный научный сотрудник, зав. бактериологической лабораторией

KataevaLV@Tniikip.rospotrebnadzor.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5420-0919237675336001967-8499StepanovaKsenia B.СтепановаКсения Борисовна
Russian Federation

DSc (Medicine), Associate Professor, Director

д.м.н., доцент, директор

info@tniikip.rospotrebnadzor.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6289-627470070791861212-5143StepanovaTatiana F.СтепановаТатьяна Федоровна
Russian Federation

DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head Researcher

д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник

info@tniikip.rospotrebnadzor.ruTyumen Region Infection Pathology Research InstituteФБУН Тюменский научно-исследовательский институт краевой инфекционной патологии Роспотребнадзора25022026010620261622092182411202519022026Copyright ©; 2026, Logacheva S.M., Kataeva L.V., Stepanova K.B., Stepanova T.F.Copyright ©; 2026, Логачева С.М., Катаева Л.В., Степанова К.Б., Степанова Т.Ф.2026Logacheva S.M., Kataeva L.V., Stepanova K.B., Stepanova T.F.Логачева С.М., Катаева Л.В., Степанова К.Б., Степанова Т.Ф.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/18075

Introduction. Bacteria of the genus Aeromonas are widespread in the environment, including marine and freshwater ecosystems, therapeutic mud, and wastewater. In recent years, human diseases caused by Aeromonas spp. have been increasingly reported, especially in individuals with weakened immune system. Being resistant to multiple drugs, these bacteria isolated from water bodies, fish, and seafood on fish farms pose a potential threat to aquaculture production and their spread throughout the environment. This review on study results assessing biological properties of Aeromonas bacteria, systematizing data on the phenotypic and molecular genetic mechanisms of their pathogenicity, defines a strategy for an interdisciplinary approach to diagnose and prevent Aeromonas infection. The objective of this review is to summarize and analyze data on the biochemical and molecular genetic characteristics of Aeromonas bacteria and determine their clinical and sanitary-epidemiological significance. Materials and methods. Literature sources for this review were selected from the PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the eLIBRARY.ru scientific electronic library website. Initially, 98 scientific articles published between 2019 and 2025 were included in the work, covering the results from studies on the biological properties and prevalence of Aeromonas bacteria in patient biomaterials with bacterial infections, as well as their prevalence in environmental objects. The final version of the review included 65 references. Results. The scientific data presented here indicate a high frequency of detection of Aeromonas spp. in various environmental objects and those possessing pathogenicity factors. The presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants confirm their role in the development of human and animal as well as aquatic infections. Due to their ubiquitous distribution, metabolic and genetic characteristics, Aeromonas bacteria have been currently acquiring the status of a new pathogen and an indicator of resistance and virulence genes. Conclusion. The conducted analysis assessing results of studies on issues of identification, determination of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, including antibiotic resistance underlying pathogenic potential of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas, suggests a need to further investigate these bacteria in the fields of healthcare, fish farming and agriculture.

Введение. Бактерии рода Aeromonas широко распространены в окружающей среде: морских и пресноводных экосистемах, в лечебной грязи и сточных водах. В последние годы все чаще регистрируются заболевания человека, вызванные Aeromonas spp., особенно у людей с ослабленным иммунитетом. Выделенные из водных объектов, из рыбы и морепродуктов на рыбных фермах и обладающие резистентностью к множеству лекарственных препаратов, они представляют потенциальную для аквакультуры и объектов окружающей среды. Представленный обзор результатов проведенных исследований биологических свойств бактерий рода Aeromonas, систематизирующий данные фенотипических и молекулярно-генетических механизмов их патогенности, определяет стратегию междисциплинарного подхода к проблеме диагностики и профилактики аэромонадной инфекции. Целью обзора было обобщение и анализ данных биохимических и молекулярно-генетических характеристик бактерий рода Aeromonas, определение их клиническое и санитарно-эпидемиологическое значение. Материалы и методы. Источники литературы для написания обзора подбирались в базах данных PubMed, Web of Science и на сайте научной электронной библиотеки eLIBRARY.ru. Первоначально в работу было включено 98 научных статей, опубликованных в 2019–2025 гг. и касающихся результатов исследований биологических свойств и распространенности бактерий рода Aeromonas в биоматериале пациентов при бактериальных инфекциях, а также распространенности их в объектах окружающей среды. В окончательный вариант обзора внесено 65 источников. Результаты. Представленные в обзоре научные данные указывают на высокую частоту обнаружения Aeromonas spp., обладающих факторами патогенности, в различных объектах окружающей среды. Наличие детерминант вирулентности и резистентности к антимикробным препаратам подтверждают их роль в развитии инфекций человека и животных, в том числе водных. Благодаря повсеместному распространению, метаболическим и генетическим особенностям бактерии рода Aeromonas в настоящее время приобретают статус индикатора генов резистентности и вирулентности. Выводы. Проведенный анализ результатов исследований, касающихся проблем идентификации, определения фенотипических и генотипических характеристик, в том числе антибиотикорезистентности, определяющих потенциал патогенности бактерий рода Aeromonas, свидетельствует о целесообразности дальнейшего изучения этих бактерий в сферах здравоохранения, рыбоводства и сельского хозяйства.

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