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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="data-paper" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">18042</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-MRM-18042</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Scientific Report</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Measles, rubella, mumps and diphtheria нerd immunity in the population of the some Kherson’s region districts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Популяционный иммунитет к возбудителям кори, краснухи, паротита и дифтерии у населения некоторых районов Херсонской области</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, руководитель</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-1496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>Vyacheslav S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Вячеслав Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Deputy Director for Innovation</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., зам. директора по инновациям</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Milichkina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миличкина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head Physician of the Medical Center </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., главный врач медицинского центра</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Turov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туров</surname><given-names>В.. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Rospotrebnadzor Office</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>руководитель</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozd</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дрозд</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н.,<bold> </bold>зав. центральной клинико-диагностической лабораторией</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyeva</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>начальник отдела</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhimbaeva</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жимбаева</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Diagnostics of the Medical Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. лабораторией молекулярно-генетической диагностики медицинского центра</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubanova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губанова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач клинической лабораторной диагностики Центральной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Buts</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буц</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), 1st Category Specialist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., специалист 1-й категории</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotkin</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зоткин</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Research Laboratory Assistant, Medical Center </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь медицинского центра </p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Arbuzova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арбузова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Epidemiological Monitoring and Forecasting Group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник группы эпидемиологического мониторинга и прогнозирования</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Demidyuk</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демидюк</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Deputy Minister of Health</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зам. министра здравоохранения</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>IT analyst</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>IT-аналитик</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dymchenko</surname><given-names>G. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дымченко</surname><given-names>Г. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Head Physician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный врач</p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>RAS Full Member, DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head at the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН, зав. лабораторией молекулярной иммунологии, директор </p></bio><email>vssmi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Service for Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере зашиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Rospotrebnadzor Office for Kherson Oblast</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Управление Роспотребнадзора по Херсонской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of Kherson Oblast</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения Херсонской области</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Kherson Oblast</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Херсонской области»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-10-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1159</fpage><lpage>1178</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-10-14"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-10-22"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Popova A.Y., Smirnov V.S., Egorova S.A., Milichkina A.M., Turov V.M., Drozd I.V., Vasilyeva Z.V., Zhimbaeva O.B., Gubanova A.V., Buts L.V., Zotkin N.N., Arbuzova T.V., Demidyuk O.I., Ivanov V.A., Dymchenko G.B., Totolian A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Попова А.Ю., Смирнов В.С., Егорова С.А., Миличкина А.М., Туров В.М., Дрозд И.В., Васильева З.В., Жимбаева О.Б., Губанова А.В., Буц Л.В., Зоткин Н.Н., Арбузова Т.В., Демидюк О.И., Иванов В.А., Дымченко Г.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Popova A.Y., Smirnov V.S., Egorova S.A., Milichkina A.M., Turov V.M., Drozd I.V., Vasilyeva Z.V., Zhimbaeva O.B., Gubanova A.V., Buts L.V., Zotkin N.N., Arbuzova T.V., Demidyuk O.I., Ivanov V.A., Dymchenko G.B., Totolian A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Попова А.Ю., Смирнов В.С., Егорова С.А., Миличкина А.М., Туров В.М., Дрозд И.В., Васильева З.В., Жимбаева О.Б., Губанова А.В., Буц Л.В., Зоткин Н.Н., Арбузова Т.В., Демидюк О.И., Иванов В.А., Дымченко Г.Б., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/18042">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/18042</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction. </bold>Specific prevention of vaccine-preventable infections (VPIs) has been the main prerequisite to radically lower their incidence in the Russian Federation. Since the Kherson Region joined the Russian Federation in 2024–2025, no VPI cases have been recorded, likely due to the level of herd immunity. The actual number of individuals immune to VPIs can only be estimated through serologically monitored herd immunity. Study objective was to assess herd immunity to measles, mumps, rubella, and diphtheria in specific Kherson Region districts. <bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The study involved 2.807 volunteers in seven municipal districts, aged 1 to 70+ years. A volunteer cohort, stratified by age (1–5, 6–11, 12–17, 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, ≥ 70), was randomized using the Web application. During the study, participants completed a questionnaire, IgG antibodies to specific agents (measles, mumps, rubella, diphtheria toxin) were measured in venous blood samples using ELISA test kits (Russia). <bold>Results.</bold> The average cohort seroprevalence for measles, rubella, mumps, and diphtheria among volunteers in the region were 83.4%, 95.1%, 65.7%, and 83.4%, respectively. Adults aged 18–29 years were the least protected against measles, rubella, and mumps, with the seropositivity: &lt; 70% for measles; 84.5% for rubella; and 44.6% for mumps. The most protected were people aged ≥ 50 years: 91.5–99.4% for measles; &gt; 98% for rubella; and 74.5–87.1% for mumps. People over 60 were the least protected against diphtheria (63.8–76.5%). In children’s groups, maximum seroprevalence was noted in the group aged 6–11 years: 90.8% for measles; &gt; 96.9% for rubella; 64.6% for mumps; and 90.4% for diphtheria. Most volunteers had low to moderate anti-measles and anti-diphtheria toxin IgG levels; and high anti-rubella IgG levels. The seropositivity of “naive” volunteers (those denying infection or vaccination) indicates insufficient laboratory VPI diagnostics in the Kherson Region. <bold>Conclusion. </bold>The level of herd immunity in the surveyed areas (Kherson Region) met the criterion for epidemiological well-being only with regard to rubella. Specifically, the percentage of seronegative individuals was below 10%. Insufficient seroprevalence for the measles and mumps viruses, as well as the <italic>C. diphtheriae</italic>, reflects conditions conducive for the spread of these infections among the population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>Специфическая профилактика вакциноуправляемых инфекций (ВУИ) — кори, краснухи, паротита и дифтерии — главная предпосылка радикального снижения их частоты в Российской Федерации. В 2024–2025 гг. случаев ВУИ в Херсонской области зарегистрировано не было, что, вероятно, обусловлено уровнем популяционного иммунитета. Вместе с тем оценить реальное число лиц, иммунных в отношении ВУИ, возможно лишь по результатам сероэпидемиологического мониторинга популяционного иммунитета. Цель исследования — изучение уровня популяционного иммунитета населения некоторых районов Херсонской области к возбудителям кори, краснухи, паротиту и дифтерии. <bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>В исследовании участвовали 2807 волонтеров в семи муниципальных округах области в возрасте от 1 года до 70+ лет. Когорта волонтеров, стратифицированная по возрасту (1–5, 6–11, 12–17, 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70 лет и старше), была сформирована с соблюдением принципа рандомизации с использованием веб-приложения. В ходе исследования участники заполняли анкету. Определяли IgG-антитела к возбудителям кори, краснухи, паротита и дифтерийному токсину методом ИФА с использованием тест-систем российского производства. <bold>Результаты.</bold> Среднекогортный уровень серопревалентности волонтеров Херсонской области к вирусам кори, краснухи, паротита и дифтерийному токсину составил 83,4, 95,1, 65,7 и 83,4% соответственно. Наименее защищенными в отношении кори, краснухи и паротита были взрослые 18–29 лет (корь — менее 70% серопозитивных, краснуха — 84,5%, паротит — 44,6%), наиболее защищенными — лица 50 лет и старше (корь — 91,5–99,4% серопозитивных, краснуха — более 98%, паротит — 74,5–87,1%). В то же время лица старше 60 лет оказались наименее защищенными в отношении дифтерии: уровень серопревалентности составил 63,8–76,5%. В детских группах максимальная серопревалентность отмечена в группе 6–11 лет: корь — 90,8% серопозитивных, краснуха — более 96,9%, паротит — 64,6%, дифтерия — 90,4%. Большинство волонтеров имели низкий и средний уровни антител к вирусу кори и дифтерийному токсину, высокий — к вирусу краснухи. Серопозитивность «наивных» волонтеров, которые отрицали факт заболевания и вакцинации, свидетельствует о недостаточной лабораторной диагностике вакциноуправляемых инфекций в Херсонской области. <bold>Заключение. </bold>Уровень популяционного иммунитета населения обследованных территорий Херсонской области соответствовал критерию эпидемиологического благополучия только в отношении краснухи: доля серонегативных лиц составила менее 10%. Недостаточная серопревалентность к вирусам кори и паротита, а также к <italic>C. diphtheriae</italic> создает условия для распространения этих инфекций среди населения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vaccine-preventable infections</kwd><kwd>population immunity</kwd><kwd>measles</kwd><kwd>rubella</kwd><kwd>mumps</kwd><kwd>diphtheria</kwd><kwd>seroprevalence</kwd><kwd>antibodies</kwd><kwd>Kherson’s region</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>cohort study</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакциноуправляемые инфекции</kwd><kwd>популяционный иммунитет</kwd><kwd>корь</kwd><kwd>краснуха</kwd><kwd>паротит</kwd><kwd>дифтерия</kwd><kwd>серопревалентность</kwd><kwd>антитела</kwd><kwd>Херсонская область</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>когортное исследование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>141-00016-25-02</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Баум Т.Г., Первишко О.В. 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