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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1793</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-TPO-1793</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral markers among apparently healthy residents of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Southern Vietnam)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Распространенность маркеров вирусов гепатита B и C среди условно здоровых жителей южного региона Социалистической Республики Вьетнам</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2270-8897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliia V. Ostankova - PhD (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>197101, St. Petersburg, Mira str., 14.</p><p>Phone: +7 (812) 233-20-92</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Останкова Юлия Владимировна - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной иммунологии.</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, 14.</p><p>Тел.: 8 (812) 233-20-92</p></bio><email>shenna1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3223-8219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Director of Ekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections of SRC VB Vector of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing.</p><p>Ekaterinburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор биологических наук, директор.</p><p>Екатеринбург.</p></bio><email>alexvsemenov@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0579-110X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zueva</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуева</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Biologist, Department of Diagnostics of HIV Infection and AIDS-associated Diseases, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат биологических наук, биолог отделения диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции и СПИД-ассоциированных заболеваний.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><email>ezueva75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0547-3945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Serikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серикова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Virology and Immunology of HIV Infection, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусологии и иммунологии ВИЧ-инфекции.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><email>elena.donetsk.serikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3139-3674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Schemelev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щемелев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Virology and Immunology of HIV Infection, Postgraduate Student, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусологии и иммунологии ВИЧ-инфекции, аспирант.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><email>tvildorm@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0931-102X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valutite</surname><given-names>D. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валутите</surname><given-names>Д. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Department of Diagnostics of HIV Infection and AIDS-associated Diseases, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач клинико-лабораторной диагностики отделения диагностики ВИЧ-инфекции и СПИД- ассоциированных заболеваний.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><email>dianavalutite008@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9199-6103</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Huinh</surname><given-names>H. K.T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуйнх</surname><given-names>Х. К.Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="VN">Viet Nam</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hoang K.T. Huynh - Researcher, Medical Analysis Laboratory Department, Ho Chi Minh Pasteur Institute.</p><p>Ho Chi Minh City.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хуйнх Хоанг К.Т. - научный сотрудник лаборатории медицинских анализов Института имени Пастера в г. Хошимин.</p><p>Хошимин.</p></bio><email>hhkthupasteur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Deputy Director for Innovation, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, заместитель директора по инновациям.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4571-8799</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Totolian</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тотолян</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Areg A. Totolian - RAS Full Member, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director of St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute.</p><p>St. Petersburg.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тотолян Арег А. - академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, директор.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург.</p></bio><email>totolian@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ekaterinburg Research Institute of Viral Infections of SRC VB Vector of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Екатеринбургский НИИ вирусных инфекций ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ho Chi Minh Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт имени Пастера в г. Хо Ши Мин</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1131</fpage><lpage>1140</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-09-01"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-09-28"><day>28</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Ostankova Y.V., Semenov A.V., Zueva E.B., Serikova E.N., Schemelev A.N., Valutite D.E., Huinh H.K., Egorova S.A., Totolian A.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Серикова Е.Н., Щемелев А.Н., Валутите Д.Э., Хуйнх Х.К., Егорова С.А., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ostankova Y.V., Semenov A.V., Zueva E.B., Serikova E.N., Schemelev A.N., Valutite D.E., Huinh H.K., Egorova S.A., Totolian A.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Останкова Ю.В., Семенов А.В., Зуева Е.Б., Серикова Е.Н., Щемелев А.Н., Валутите Д.Э., Хуйнх Х.К., Егорова С.А., Тотолян А.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1793">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1793</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of serological and molecular biological markers of viral hepatitis B and C among apparently healthy residents of the Southern Vietnam. The study material was represented by 397 blood serum samples collected from apparently healthy residents of the Southern Vietnam. The ELISA examination for presence of HBV and HCV markers involved HBsAg, anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG, and anti-HCV qualitative determination. For HBV DNA and HCV RNA detection, nucleic acids were extracted from serum blood, and a test for virus detection was carried out by real-time PCR with hybridization fluorescence detection. Amplification and subsequent sequencing of HBV and HCV were performed using nested PCR with paired overlapping primers jointly flanking the target regions. Analysis of the overall prevalence of serological markers showed that among the apparently healthy individuals anti-HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies were detected in 12.3% (95% CI: 9.27–15.99%) and 3.27% (95% CI: 1.76–5.53%) of individuals, respectively. The prevalence of HBsAg in men (19.1%) significantly exceeded that of found in women (5.9%), χ<sup>2</sup> = 14.688 with p = 0.0001, df = 1, calculated odds ratio OR = 3.751 (95% CI: 1.892–7.439). Among apparently healthy patients, taking into account HBsAg-positive and negative samples, HBV DNA was detected in 26.95% (95% CI: 22.65–31.6%). HBV phylogenetic analysis showed that subtype B4 prevalence comprised 64.49%. Subtypes C1 (14.95%), B2 (9.35%), C2 (6.54%), C3 (0.93%), and C5 (3.74%) were also identified. HCV RNA was detected in 7 samples, which accounted for 1.76% (95% CI: 0.71–3.6%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all HCV isolates belong to genotype 6, subtype 6a (100%).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Целью нашего исследования было оценить распространенность серологических и молекулярно-биологических маркеров вирусных гепатитов В и С среди условно здоровых жителей Южного Вьетнама. Материал исследования — 397 образцов плазмы крови условно здоровых жителей Южного Вьетнама. Исследование ИФА на наличие маркеров ВГВ и ВГС включало определение HBsAg, anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG и качественное определение anti-HCV. Для обнаружения ДНК ВГВ и РНК ВГС нуклеиновые кислоты выделяли из плазмы крови и проводили тест на присутствие вирусов с помощью ПЦР в реальном времени с гибридизационно-флуоресцентной детекцией. Амплификацию и последующее секвенирование ВГВ и ВГС проводили с использованием вложенной ПЦР с парными перекрывающимися праймерами, совместно фланкирующими целевые регионы. Анализ общей распространенности серологических маркеров показал, что среди условно здоровых лиц HBsAg и антитела к ВГС были обнаружены в 12,3% (95% ДИ: 9,27–15,99%) и 3,27% (95% ДИ: 1,76–5,53%) случаев соответственно. Распространенность HBsAg у мужчин (19,1%) значительно превышала таковую у женщин (5,9%), χ<sup>2</sup> = 14,688, p = 0,0001, df = 1, рассчитанное отношение шансов OR = 3,751 (95% ДИ: 1,892–7,439). Среди условно здоровых пациентов с учетом HBsAg-положительных и отрицательных проб ДНК ВГВ была выявлена у 26,95% (95% ДИ: 22,65–31,6%). Филогенетический анализ ВГВ показал, что распространенность подтипа B4 составляет 64,49%, также были выявлены подтипы C1 (14,95%), B2 (9,35%), C2 (6,54%), C3 (0,93%) и C5 (3,74%). РНК ВГС была обнаружена в 7 образцах, что составило 1,76% (95% ДИ: 0,71–3,6%). Филогенетический анализ показал, что все изоляты ВГС относятся к генотипу 6, подтипу 6а (100%).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HBV</kwd><kwd>HCV</kwd><kwd>viral hepatitis markers</kwd><kwd>molecular epidemiology</kwd><kwd>genotype</kwd><kwd>apparently healthy residents</kwd><kwd>Southern Vietnam</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ВГВ</kwd><kwd>ВГС</kwd><kwd>маркеры вирусных гепатитов</kwd><kwd>молекулярная эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>генотипы</kwd><kwd>условно здоровые жители</kwd><kwd>Южный Вьетнам</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Мукомолов С.Л., Левакова И.А. Эпидемиологическая характеристика хронических вирусных гепатитов в Российской Федерации в 1999–2009 гг. // Инфекция и иммунитет. 2011. Т. 1, № 3. C. 255–262. doi: 10.15789/2220-7619-2011-3-255-262</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>2.	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