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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17840</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-DOA-17840</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Development of a real-time RT-PCR assay for detection of Hendra and Nipah viruses</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Разработка метода ОТ-ПЦР в режиме реального времени для обнаружения вирусов Хендра и Нипах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirobokova</surname><given-names>Svetlana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широбокова</surname><given-names>Светлана Алексеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Pathogens</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики патогенных микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>schirobokova.s@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabalina</surname><given-names>Anna V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабалина</surname><given-names>Анна Вячеславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Pathogens</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики патогенных микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>shabalina@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhikh</surname><given-names>Igor S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухих</surname><given-names>Игорь Сергеевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Researcher, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Pathogens</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики патогенных микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>igor3419@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chayeb</surname><given-names>Vera A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайеб</surname><given-names>Вера Абденнасеровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Junior Researcher, Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Pathogens</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., младший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной генетики патогенных микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>shaieb@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgova</surname><given-names>Anna S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгова</surname><given-names>Анна Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Researcher, Head of Laboratory for Molecular Genetics of Pathogens</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, зав. лабораторией молекулярной генетики патогенных микроорганизмов</p></bio><email>dolgova@pasteurorg.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dedkov</surname><given-names>Vladimir G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дедков</surname><given-names>Владимир Георгиевич</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Leading Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., зам. директора по научной работе, ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>vgdedkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт медицинской паразитологии, тропических и трансмиссивных заболеваний им. Е.И. Марциновского</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-05-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>559</fpage><lpage>567</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-24"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-13"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Shirobokova S.A., Shabalina A.V., Sukhikh I.S., Chayeb V.A., Dolgova A.S., Dedkov V.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Широбокова С.А., Шабалина А.В., Сухих И.С., Шайеб В.А., Долгова А.С., Дедков В.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shirobokova S.A., Shabalina A.V., Sukhikh I.S., Chayeb V.A., Dolgova A.S., Dedkov V.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Широбокова С.А., Шабалина А.В., Сухих И.С., Шайеб В.А., Долгова А.С., Дедков В.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17840">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17840</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the development of a method for detection of viral RNA of two highly pathogenic zoonotic viruses from the genus Henipavirus — Hendra and Nipah using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In the natural environment, these viruses are carried by flying foxes in the family Pteropodidae. Horses and pigs, respectively, are susceptible to infection. The diseases are also transmitted to humans through contact with sick animals, their biological excreta and from person to person. In infected humans and animals, clinical signs of infection may be asymptomatic, or may present with flu-like symptoms at the onset of the disease and progress to neurologic disease and acute respiratory infection, followed by death. In Australia, the subunit vaccine HeV-sG is used against Hendra virus in horses. There is no treatment or vaccine for Hendra or Nipah viruses for humans. The need to develop new detection methods and search for new viral targets remains an urgent task due to the large area of distribution of the described viruses, high contagiousness and mortality of animals and humans. The study describes the original designed primers and probes for conserved regions of the genomes of two viruses: the gene encoding the nucleocapsid protein of Hendra virus and the gene encoding the glycoprotein of Nipah virus. Synthetic controls for the extraction and reverse transcription PCR stages have been created, confirming the quality of the developed method. Biological samples from healthy people (blood plasma, swabs from oral and nasopharyngeal mucous membranes, cerebrospinal fluid) with the addition of artificial controls passed the stages of sample extraction and real-time reverse transcription PCR, thus confirming the quality of control samples. The detection limit of the described viral RNA identification methods was determined as 100 copies/mL for Hendra virus and 1000 copies/mL for Nipah virus. The amplification transit time is less than 90 minutes. The developed method will help in epidemiologic control of the spread of these infections, can be used in the diagnosis of Hendra and Nipah viruses and for solving research tasks to study the properties of these pathogens.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Статья посвящена разработке способа обнаружения вирусной РНК двух высокопатогенных зоонозных вирусов из рода Henipavirus — Хендра и Нипах с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции с обратной транскрипцией в реальном времени. В естественной среде эти вирусы переносятся летучими лисицами из семейства Pteropodidae. Заражению подвержены лошади и свиньи соответственно. Заболевания также передаются человеку через контакт с больными животными, их биологическими выделениями и от человека к человеку. У инфицированных людей и животных клинические признаки инфекции могут протекать бессимптомно, либо проявляющимися грипподобными симптомами на начальном этапе болезни и переходящие в неврологические заболевания и острую респираторную инфекцию с последующим летальным исходом. На сегодняшний день не разработано лечение против этих инфекций. Изученную субъединичную вакцину HeV-sG (Equivac®HeV, Zoetis Australia Pty Ltd.) используют в Австралии для лошадей против инфекции Хендра. Однако эта вакцина не используется для людей, и в настоящее время нет коммерчески доступных вакцин против вируса Нипах ни для человека, ни для животных. Необходимость разработки новых методов детекции и поиск новых вирусных мишеней по-прежнему остаются актуальным задачами в связи с большим ареалом распространения описанных вирусов, высокой контагиозностью и смертностью животных и людей. В исследовании описываются оригинальные разработанные праймеры и зонды на консервативные регионы геномов двух вирусов: гена, кодирующего нуклеокапсидный белок вируса Хендра и гена, кодирующего гликопротеин вируса Нипах. Созданы синтетические контроли прохождения этапов экстракции проб и постановки ПЦР с обратной транскрипцией в реальном времени, подтверждающие качество разработанного метода. Биологические образцы от здоровых людей (плазма крови, мазки со слизистых рото- и носоглотки, спинномозговая жидкость) с добавлением искусственных контролей проходили этапы выделения и постановку ПЦР с обратной транскрипцией в реальном времени, тем самым подтверждая качество контрольных образцов. Предел обнаружения описанных способов идентификации вирусной РНК определен как 100 копий/мл для вируса Хендра и 1000 копий/мл для вируса Нипах. Время прохождения амплификации составляет менее 90 минут. Разработанный способ поможет в эпидемиологическом контроле по распространениям данных инфекций, может применяться в диагностике вирусов Хендра и Нипах и для решения научно-исследовательских задач по изучению свойств данных патогенов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>RT-qPCR</kwd><kwd>TaqMan probes</kwd><kwd>Hendra virus</kwd><kwd>Nipah virus</kwd><kwd>Henipavirus</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>RT-qPCR</kwd><kwd>TaqMan probes</kwd><kwd>Hendra virus</kwd><kwd>Nipah virus</kwd><kwd>Henipavirus</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования РФ</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122080900001-9</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aljofan M. 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