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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17593</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-TAB-17593</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The association between the history of supplement use (vitamin or mineral) and COVID-19 disease in the persian cohort population</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ассоциация между употреблением пищевых добавок (витаминов или минералов) и COVID-19 в персидской когорте населения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ghorat</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горат</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of Traditional Medicine, Department of Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры традиционной медицины, медицинский факультет</p></bio><email>jalambadaniz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ganj Bakhsh</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гандж Бахш</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD Student, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент кафедры медицины, медицинский факультет</p></bio><email>jalambadaniz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ataee</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Aтаи</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD Student, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент кафедры медицины, медицинский факультет</p></bio><email>jalambadaniz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Borghabani</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боргабани</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Instructor of Epidemiology, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель кафедры эпидемиологии, кафедра здравоохранения, медицинский факультет</p></bio><email>jalambadaniz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jalambadani</surname><given-names>Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джаламбадани</surname><given-names>З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine; Assistant Professor of Health Education and Promotion, Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доцент кафедры санитарного просвещения и пропаганды, кафедра общественной медицины, медицинский факультет; доцент кафедры санитарного просвещения и пропаганды, кафедра исследовательского центра неинфекционных заболеваний, медицинский факультет</p></bio><email>jalambadaniz@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сабзеварский университет медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-06-03" publication-format="electronic"><day>03</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>299</fpage><lpage>305</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-02-03"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-18"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Ghorat F., Ganj Bakhsh A., Ataee R., Borghabani R., Jalambadani Z.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Горат Ф., Гандж Бахш А., Aтаи Р., Боргабани Р., Джаламбадани З.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ghorat F., Ganj Bakhsh A., Ataee R., Borghabani R., Jalambadani Z.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горат Ф., Гандж Бахш А., Aтаи Р., Боргабани Р., Джаламбадани З.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17593">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17593</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to examine the association between vitamin and mineral supplement consumption and the possibility of contracting COVID-19 disease in the Persian cohort population in 2020. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4241 people who were registered in the Cohort Registration System. A logistic regression was performed to ascertain the multivariate association between demographic, health variables, and supplement use and the likelihood that participants were infected with COVID-19. The software used was IBM SPSS 24.0, and a significance level of 0.05 was considered. Analyze the quantitative variables, if the variable was normal, the independent t-test was used, and if the variable was not normal, the Mann–Whitney test was used. To compare the distribution of qualitative variables in the groups, a chi-square test or, if necessary, a Fisher’s exact test was used. The number of participants in this cohort study was 4241. The average age of the participants in the study was 49.22±8.77. The OR value of age variable 0.989 (95% CI: 0.927–1.056); sex variable (95% CI: 0.238–2.743, OR = 0.808); BMI variable (95% CI: 0.927–1.056, OR = 0.953); vitamin D variable (95% CI: 0.333–6.769, OR = 1.502); omega3 variable (95% CI: 0.410–7.688, OR = 1.776); calcium variable (95% CI: 0.041–3.738, OR = 0.391); calcium variable (95% CI: 0.041–3.738, OR = 391); multiVIT variable (95% CI: 0.211–5.645, OR = 1.090); VitC variable (95% CI: 0.000–0.000, OR = 0.000); vitE variable (95% CI: 0.000–0.000, OR = 0.000); were the interval includes. There were no statistically significant multivariate associations (P &gt; 0.05) between the explanatory variables infected with COVID-19. There was only a statistically significant correlation between the use of iron tablets and contracting COVID-19 (P = 0.025). Controlling the variables or identifying causal correlations is not feasible due to the observational nature of the study. The results cannot be safely extrapolated to other regions of the world because the cohort sample was limited to inhabitants of Iran.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования заключалась в изучении связи между употреблением витаминов и минеральных добавок и возможностью заражения COVID-19 среди населения Ирана в 2020 г. В настоящем ретроспективном когортном исследовании приняли участие 4241 человек, зарегистрированных в Системе регистрации когорт. Была проведена логистическая регрессия для установления многомерной связи между демографическими переменными, показателями здоровья, использованием пищевых добавок и вероятностью заражения участников COVID-19. В качестве программного обеспечения использовалось IBM SPSS 24.0, уровень значимости установлен 0,05. Проанализированы количественные переменные: при нормальном распределении — использовался независимый t-критерий, при отклонении от нормального распределения — критерий Манна–Уитни. Для сравнения распределения качественных переменных в группах использовался критерий хи-квадрат или, при необходимости, точный критерий Фишера. Число участников проведенного когортного исследования составило 4241, средний возраст участников — 49,22±8,77. Значение ОШ возрастной переменной 0,989 (95% ДИ: 0,927–1,056); половая переменная (95% ДИ: 0,238–2,743, ОШ = 0,808); переменная ИМТ (95% ДИ: 0,927–1,056, ОШ = 0,953); переменная витамина D (95% ДИ: 0,333–6,769, ОШ = 1,502); переменная омега3 (95% ДИ: 0,410–7,688, ОШ = 1,776); переменная кальция (95% ДИ: 0,041–3,738, ОШ = 0,391); переменная кальция (95% ДИ: 0,041–3,738, ОШ = 391); переменная multiVIT (95% ДИ: 0,211–5,645, ОШ = 1,090); Переменная витамина C (95% ДИ: 0,000–0,000, ОШ = 0,000); переменная витамина E (95% ДИ: 0,000–0,000, ОШ = 0,000); были включены интервалы. Статистически значимых многомерных ассоциаций (P &gt; 0,05) между объясняющими переменными инфицирования COVID-19 не выявлено. Единственная статистически достоверная корреляция обнаружена между употреблением таблеток железа и заражением COVID-19 (P = 0,025). Контроль переменных или выявление причинно-следственных связей невозможно из-за наблюдательного характера исследования. Результаты нельзя строго экстраполировать на другие регионы мира, поскольку когортная выборка была ограничена жителями Ирана.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin</kwd><kwd>mineral</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>cohort population</kwd><kwd>Iran</kwd><kwd>logistic regression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витамин</kwd><kwd>минерал</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>когортная популяция</kwd><kwd>Иран</kwd><kwd>логистическая регрессия</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Adebamowo S.N., Spiegelman D., Willett W.C., Rexrode K.M. 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