Russian Journal of Infection and ImmunityRussian Journal of Infection and ImmunityИнфекция и иммунитет2220-76192313-7398SPb RAACI1753310.15789/2220-7619-CAH-17533ORIGINAL ARTICLESОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИReview ArticleCytokines and HIV associated neurological manifestations: a systematic reviewЦитокины и ВИЧ-ассоциированные неврологические проявления: систематический обзорSeyedAlinaghiS.СейедАлинагиС.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, MPhil, PhD, Research Fellowship, Associate Professor, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS

д.м.н., магистр философии, доктор философии, доцент, Иранский исследовательский центр ВИЧ/СПИДа

es.mehraeen@gmail.comAfsahiA.M.АфсахиА.М.
United States

MD, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine

доктор философии, кафедра радиологии, медицинский факультет

es.mehraeen@gmail.comMirzapourP.МирзапурП.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Researcher, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS

научный сотрудник, Иранский исследовательский центр по ВИЧ/СПИД

es.mehraeen@gmail.comAlikaramiS.АликарамиС.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Student, School of Medicine

студент, Медицинская школа

es.mehraeen@gmail.comAfzalianA.АфзалянА.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, School of Medicine

врач, медицинский факультет

es.mehraeen@gmail.comMatiniP.МатиниП.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Student, School of Medicine

студент, Медицинский факультет

es.mehraeen@gmail.comMahrokhiS.МахрохиС.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Researcher, Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS

научный сотрудник, Иранский исследовательский центр по ВИЧ/СПИД

es.mehraeen@gmail.comAliZ.АлиЗ.
Canada

MD, Researcher

научный сотрудник

es.mehraeen@gmail.comPashaeiA.ПашаиА.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

PhD Student, School of Nursing

аспирант, факультет сестринского дела

es.mehraeen@gmail.comEslamiS.ЭсламиС.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Student, School of Medicine

студент, Школа медицины

es.mehraeen@gmail.comVahediF.ВахедиФ.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Student, School of Medicine

студент, Школа медицины

es.mehraeen@gmail.comParanjkhooP.ПаранджхуП.
Armenia

MD, MPH, Researcher, Turpanjian College of Health Sciences

магистр общественного здравоохранения, научный сотрудник Турпанджянского колледжа медицинских наук

es.mehraeen@gmail.comHabibiM.A.ХабибиМ.А.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD, Student, Clinical Research Development Center

студент, Центр развития клинических исследований

es.mehraeen@gmail.comMollaA.МоллаА.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

MD Student, School of Medicine

студент медицинского факультета

es.mehraeen@gmail.comDadjouA.ДаджуА.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

Student, School of Medicine

студент, Медицинский факультет

es.mehraeen@gmail.comParikhaniS.N.ПариханиС.Н.
Iran, Islamic Republic of

BS in Nursing, School of Medicine

бакалавр сестринского дела, медицинский факультет

es.mehraeen@gmail.comMehraeenEsmaeilМехраинЭсмаэйл
Iran, Islamic Republic of

PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Information Technology

кандидат наук, ассистент кафедры медицинских информационных технологий

es.mehraeen@gmail.comHackettD.ХакеттД.
Australia

PhD (Exercise and Sport Science), Lecturer in Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health

кандидат наук (спортивная медицина), преподаватель спортивной медицины факультета медицины и здравоохранения Школы медицинских наук

es.mehraeen@gmail.comIranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical SciencesИранский институт по снижению рискованного поведения, Тегеранский университет медицинских наукUniversity of CaliforniaКалифорнийский университетTehran University of Medical SciencesТегеранский университет медицинских наукIran University of Medical SciencesИранский университет медицинских наукUniversity of SaskatchewanУниверситет СаскачеванаUniversity of British ColumbiaУниверситет Британской КолумбииAmerican University of ArmeniaАмериканский университет АрменииQom University of Medical SciencesУниверситет медицинских наук КумBushehr University of Medical SciencesУниверситет медицинских наук БушерKhalkhal University of Medical SciencesУниверситет медицинских наук ХалхалThe University of SydneyСиднейский университет28012025300420251511121241411202320012025Copyright ©; 2025, SeyedAlinaghi S., Afsahi A., Mirzapour P., Alikarami S., Afzalian A., Matini P., Mahrokhi S., Ali Z., Pashaei A., Eslami S., Vahedi F., Paranjkhoo P., Habibi M., Molla A., Dadjou A., Parikhani S., Mehraeen E., Hackett D.Copyright ©; 2025, СейедАлинаги С., Афсахи А., Мирзапур П., Аликарами С., Афзалян А., Матини П., Махрохи С., Али З., Пашаи А., Эслами С., Вахеди Ф., Паранджху П., Хабиби М., Молла А., Даджу А., Парихани С., Мехраин Э., Хакетт Д.2025SeyedAlinaghi S., Afsahi A., Mirzapour P., Alikarami S., Afzalian A., Matini P., Mahrokhi S., Ali Z., Pashaei A., Eslami S., Vahedi F., Paranjkhoo P., Habibi M., Molla A., Dadjou A., Parikhani S., Mehraeen E., Hackett D.СейедАлинаги С., Афсахи А., Мирзапур П., Аликарами С., Афзалян А., Матини П., Махрохи С., Али З., Пашаи А., Эслами С., Вахеди Ф., Паранджху П., Хабиби М., Молла А., Даджу А., Парихани С., Мехраин Э., Хакетт Д.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/17533

Background. Cytokines are key players in the immune system’s reaction to HIV and play a crucial role in HIV pathogenesis. Dysregulation of cytokines can contribute to the disease’s pathogenesis and associated complications, making a comprehensive understanding of their roles crucial for developing efficacious therapeutic interventions against HIV/AIDS. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to examine the role of cytokines in HIV associated neurological manifestations and related complications. Materials and methods. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were explored for original English literature until September 10, 2022. Eligible articles for data extraction were screened and selected in two steps using some inclusion/ exclusion criteria. This study conforms to the PRISMA checklist and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results. This review included a total of 15 studies. It was identified that cytokines were associated with sleep problems and numerous neurological manifestations. The most common neurological conditions include dementia, seizure, meningitis, cerebral toxoplasmosis, microcephalus, encephalitis, and gliosis. Commonly used cytokines detection methods included PCR, ELISA, Luminex xMAP multiplex platform, and PUREGene DNA Isolation System. Cytokine samples were mostly taken from blood and tissue. Conclusion. There is an interconnecting pathway of cytokines, neurological function (mainly dementia), and sleep habits in people living with HIV. Despite this, the mechanism of cytokines influencing sleep problems and neuropathological disorders remains unclear. Further research is warranted to determine the potential mechanisms and impact of cytokines associations in HIV progression.

Цитокины играют ключевую роль в реакции иммунной системы на ВИЧ и в патогенезе ВИЧ-инфекции. Нарушение регуляции цитокинов сопровождает развитие заболевания и связанных с ним осложнений, что делает решающим понимание их роли в патогенезе ВИЧ для разработки эффективных терапевтических вмешательств против ВИЧ/СПИДа. В этой связи целью настоящего систематического обзора является изучение роли цитокинов в развитии неврологических проявлений, связанных с ВИЧ-инфекцией, и ее осложнений. Материалы и методы. Для изучения оригинальной англоязычной литературы, опубликованной до 10 сентября 2022 г., были использованы базы данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science и Embase. Подходящие статьи для оценки данных были проверены и отобраны в два этапа с использованием некоторых критериев включения/исключения, в соответствии с контрольным списком PRISMA и шкалой Ньюкасл–Оттава (NOS). Результаты. В обзор были включены 15 исследований. Было выявлено, что цитокины ассоциированы с нарушением сна и многочисленными неврологическими проявлениями. Наиболее распространенными неврологическими состоянияни являются деменция, судороги, менингит, церебральный токсоплазмоз, микроцефалия, энцефалит и глиоз. Обычно используемые методы обнаружения цитокинов включают ПЦР, ИФА, мультиплексную платформу Luminex xMAP и систему выделения ДНК PUREGene. Содержание цитокинов главным образом оценивалось в образцах крови и тканей. Заключение. Существует взаимосвязанная ассоциация между цитокинами, неврологической функцией (в основном деменции) и режимом сна у людей, живущих с ВИЧ. Несмотря на это, механизм влияния цитокинов на сон и развитие нейропатологических расстройств остается неясным. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для определения потенциальных механизмов и влияния ассоциаций цитокинов на прогрессирование ВИЧ-инфекции.

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