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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1712</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-GPO-1712</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Gene polymorphism of mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP2) in indigenous populations of the Russian Arctic Territories</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полиморфизм гена маннозосвязывающей лектин-ассоциированной сериновой протеазы (MASP2) у коренных популяций российских арктических территорий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikova</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольникова</surname><given-names>Марина Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Leading Researcher, Head of the Molecular Genetic Research Group</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, руководитель группы молекулярно-генетических исследований</p></bio><email>smarinv@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6350-8616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malinchik</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малинчик</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>seapearl1995@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereschenko</surname><given-names>S. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of the Clinical department of somatic and mental health of children</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. клиническим отделением соматического и психического здоровья детей</p></bio><email>legise@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North, Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ медицинских проблем Севера — обособленное подразделение ФГБНУ ФИЦ Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-04-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>543</fpage><lpage>550</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-03-30"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-01-14"><day>14</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, Smolnikova M.V., Malinchik M.A., Tereschenko S.Y.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, Смольникова М.В., Малинчик М.А., Терещенко С.Ю.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolnikova M.V., Malinchik M.A., Tereschenko S.Y.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смольникова М.В., Малинчик М.А., Терещенко С.Ю.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1712">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1712</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mannose-binding lectin-associated serine proteases (MASP) are among of the key components in the lectin pathway (LP) of the complement activation. MASP-2 is the most studied agent among specific enzymes activating both mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolins, pattern-recognition proteins involved in the elimination of pathogenic microorganisms through LP complement activation. There are some mutations in <italic>MASP2</italic>, with the most significant identified as rs72550870 (p.D120G). The homozygous GG rs72550870 is associated with congenital MASP-2 deficiency and characterized by a total lack of serum protease activity, which leads to impaired binding to lectins. This, in turn, results in severe course of infectious diseases with a high risk of adverse outcome. There seem to be some marked populational differences in the genotype and haplotype prevalence in <italic>MASP2</italic> gene polymorphisms. To date, no data are available on the genotype distribution for the <italic>MASP2</italic> gene in the indigenous populations of the Russian Arctic regions. The aim of the work was to study the prevalence and ethnic specificity in the distribution of allelic variants of <italic>MASP2</italic> rs72550870 in the populations of the Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Nenets, Dolgans, Nganasans) as well as the city of Krasnoyarsk (Russians). <italic>MASP2</italic> genotyping was performed by using real-time PCR. The frequencies of the AG genotype associated with low MASP-2 level was 6.6% for ethnic Russian newborns in the Eastern Siberia. The prevalence of the AG genotype was significantly lower in newborns of the Arctic populations than in the Russians, being 0.3% and 0.9% for the Nenets and the Dolgan-Nganasans, respectively, which is close to the prevalence values identified for Asian and African populations (0%). No homozygous GG rs72550870 associated with congenital MASP-2 deficiency in newborns of the indigenous populations of the Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets region of Krasnoyarsk Territory (Nenets and Dolgan-Nganasans) and ethnic Caucasian subjects of the Krasnoyarsk city was detected. The frequency of the rare allelic variant G rs72550870 in ethnic Russian subjects was 3.3%, being close to the frequencies in the European populations of the world (4.0%), whereas it was 0.5% in the indigenous inhabitants of the Arctic Region. We have suggested that isolated Arctic populations encounter some intracellular infections historically later and, as contrasted with Caucasoid populations, retained a high activity in the lectin pathway of the complement activation established at the early stage of human evolution.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Маннозосвязывающие лектин-ассоциированные сериновые протеазы (MASP) являются одними из ключевых участников лектинового пути (lectin pathway, LP) активации комплемента. MASP-2 наиболее изучена среди ферментов, способных активировать как маннозосвязывающий лектин (mannose-binding lectin, MBL), так и фиколины — паттерн-распознающие острофазовые белки, участвующие в элиминации патогенных микроорганизмов посредством LP активации комплемента. Ген <italic>MASP2</italic> имеет ряд мутаций, наиболее значимой является мутация rs72550870 (p.D120G), в гомозиготном состоянии (GG) она ассоциирована с врожденным дефицитом MASP-2 и характеризуется полным отсутствием сывороточной активности протеазы, приводя к нарушению связывания с лектинами. Это способствует тяжелому течению инфекционных заболеваний с высоким риском неблагоприятного исхода. Частота генотипов и гаплотипов полиморфизмов в гене <italic>MASP2</italic> имеет значительные популяционные различия. К настоящему времени данные относительно распределения генотипов гена <italic>MASP2</italic> в коренных популяциях российских арктических регионов отсутствуют. Целью исследования стало изучение частоты и этнической специфики распределения аллельных вариантов полиморфизма гена <italic>MASP2</italic> rs72550870 в популяциях Таймырского Долгано-Ненецкого округа Красноярского края (ненцы, долганы, нганасаны) и города Красноярска (русские). Генотипирование <italic>MASP2</italic> осуществлено при помощи метода ПЦР в режиме реального времени. Частота встречаемости генотипа AG, ассоциированного с низкой концентрацией MASP-2, составила 6,6% для русских новорожденных Восточной Сибири. У новорожденных арктических популяций частота генотипа AG была статистически значимо ниже, чем у русских, и составила 0,3% для ненцев и 0,9% для долган-нганасан, что приближается к значениям частот, выявленных для азиатских и африканских популяций (0%). Не было обнаружено ни одного гомозиготного генотипа GG, ассоциированного с врожденным дефицитом MASP-2, в образцах ДНК от новорожденных коренных популяций Таймырского Долгано-Ненецкого района Красноярского края (ненцев и долган-нганасан) и европеоидов г. Красноярска. Частота аллельного варианта G rs72550870 у русских составила 3,3%, что приближено к частотам в европейских популяциях мира (4,0%), тогда как у коренных жителей Арктического региона составила 0,5%. Мы предполагаем, что изолированные арктические популяции исторически позже столкнулись с некоторыми внутриклеточными инфекциями и, в отличие от европеоидных популяций, сохранили сформированную на ранних этапах эволюции человека высокую активность лектинового пути активации комплемента.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MASP2</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>arctic populations</kwd><kwd>lectin pathway</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>MASP2</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>арктические популяции</kwd><kwd>лектиновый путь</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Красноярский краевой фонд поддержки научной и научно-технической деятельности</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund for Support of Scientific and Scientific-Technical Activity</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>Грант № 2020090306591</award-id></award-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Красноярского краевого фонда поддержки научной и научно-технической деятельности (грант № 2020090306591).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Романов А., Беляева Т., Красильщикова И. 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