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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1660</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-TGI-1660</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en"><italic>Toxoplasma gondii</italic> infection in patients with malignant and benign bone tumours</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция, вызванная <italic>Toxoplasma gondii</italic>, у больных злокачественными и доброкачественными опухолями кости</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hajizadeh</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаджизаде</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Student (Medical Parasitology), Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tehran.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант (медицинская паразитология) кафедры паразитологии и микологии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p></bio><email>maryamhajizadeh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Falak</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фалак</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor, Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tehran.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент кафедры медицинской иммунологии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p></bio><email>falak.r@iums.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tavakoli-Yaraki</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таваколи-Яраки</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MSc, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tehran.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кандидат наук, доцент кафедры биохимии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p></bio><email>masoumeh.tavakoli@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hosseinzadeh</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоссейнзаде</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MSc (Medical Parasitology), Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences</p><p>Tehran.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магистр медицинской паразитологии, кафедра медицинской иммунологии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p></bio><email>Hosseinzadeh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Alipour</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алипюр</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tehran.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студент кафедры паразитологии и микологии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p></bio><email>alipour.mry@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ahmadpour</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмадпюр</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tabriz.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Табриз.</p></bio><email>ahmadpour@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rafiei-Sefiddashti</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рафиеи-Сефиддашти</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raheleh Rafiei-Sefiddashti - Associate Professor, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.</p><p>Tehran.</p><p>Phone: +0098 912 340-43-82, +0098 218 670-32-63</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рафиеи-Сефиддашти Рахелех - доцент кафедры паразитологии и микологии, Школа медицины Иранского университета медицинских наук.</p><p>Тегеран.</p><p>Тел.: +0098 912 340-43-82, +0098 218 670-32-63</p></bio><email>rafiei.r@iums.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Iran University of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Иранский университет медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tabriz University of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Табризский университет медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-01-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1083</fpage><lpage>1088</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-12-26"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-05-17"><day>17</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Hajizadeh M., Falak R., Tavakoli-Yaraki M., Hosseinzadeh R., Alipour M., Ahmadpour E., Rafiei-Sefiddashti R.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Хаджизаде М., Фалак Р., Таваколи-Яраки М., Хоссейнзаде Р., Алипюр М., Ахмадпюр Э., Рафиеи-Сефиддашти Р.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hajizadeh M., Falak R., Tavakoli-Yaraki M., Hosseinzadeh R., Alipour M., Ahmadpour E., Rafiei-Sefiddashti R.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хаджизаде М., Фалак Р., Таваколи-Яраки М., Хоссейнзаде Р., Алипюр М., Ахмадпюр Э., Рафиеи-Сефиддашти Р.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1660">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1660</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Toxoplasma gondii</italic> (<italic>T. gondii</italic>) is an intracellular parasite that infects humans, and seroprevalence of its infection varies from about 10 to 80 percent in different countries with a higher prevalence in warmer and humid regions. In this study, the rate of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis in patients with benign or malignant bone tumours was investigated. Fifty-three patients who suffered from various bone tumours, as well as sixty-five healthy controls with an unknown sero-logical profile for anti-<italic>Toxoplasma</italic> antibodies, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anti-<italic>Toxoplasma</italic> antibodies were detected in serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and blood samples of them were used for real-time PCR. Thirty-two (60.32%) and twenty-one (39.63%) of patients had malignant tumours and benign tumours, respectively. The results showed a higher and significant seropositivity rate of IgM antibodies in primary bone tumour patients compared to the control group and <italic>Toxoplasma</italic> DNA became positive in 18.86% of patients with primary bone tumours and 6.15% of controls. Surprisingly, the high presence of parasite DNA was detected in patients with malignant tumours. The seroprevalence of <italic>T. gondii</italic> IgM antibodies and DNA positivity among the cancer patients were significantly higher than healthy individuals. Also, chronic toxoplasmosis (it was shown with IgG positive) appears to be more common in people with benign cancers than malignancies. The study showed a relatively high seroprevalence of anti-<italic>T. gondii</italic> antibodies in patients with primary bone cancer. However, the considerable rate of positive blood samples for the presence of parasite’s DNA should not be ignored. A key to the effective management of diseases in immunosuppressed individuals is prompt and accurate diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. Moreover, it seems that PCR tests may be more reliable than serological methods and it could be considered as a precise method for diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Toxoplasma gondii</italic> (<italic>T. gondii</italic>) — это внутриклеточный паразит, патогенный для человека. Распространенность соответствующей инфекции колеблется от 10 до 80% и наиболее высока она в странах с теплым и влажным климатом. В настоящем исследовании изучалась частота острого и хронического токсоплазмоза у пациентов с доброкачественными или злокачественными опухолями костей. В данном поперечном исследовании приняли участие 53 пациента, страдающих различными новообразованиями костей, а также 65 здоровых людей с неизвестным серологическим профилем антител против токсоплазмы, составивших контрольную группу. Антитела против токсоплазмы были обнаружены в образцах сыворотки с помощью твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа (ELISA), а образцы крови были использованы для ПЦР в реальном времени. 32 (60,32%) и 21 (39,63%) пациент имели злокачественные и доброкачественные опухоли соответственно. Более высокий и значимый уровень IgM-антител отмечен у пациентов с первичной опухолью кости в сравнении с группой контроля, а ДНК <italic>Toxoplasma</italic> была обнаружена у 18,86% пациентов с первичными опухолями костей и у 6,15% пациентов из контрольной группы. Неожиданным оказалось высокое содержание ДНК паразита у пациентов со злокачественными опухолями. Распространенность антител IgM к <italic>T. gondii</italic> и обнаружение ее ДНК среди онкологических больных были значительно выше, чем у здоровых людей. Кроме того, хронический токсоплазмоз (диагностированный по положительному результату теста на IgG), по-видимому, чаще встречается у людей с доброкачественными формами рака, чем со злокачественными новообразованиями. Исследование показало относительно высокую распространенность анти-<italic>T. gondii</italic> у пациентов с первичным раком кости. Однако нельзя не учитывать значительный процент положительных образцов крови на наличие ДНК паразита. Ключом к эффективному лечению заболеваний у людей с ослабленным иммунитетом является своевременная и точная диагностика токсоплазмоза. Более того, по-видимому, тесты ПЦР могут быть более надежными, чем серологические методы, и их можно рассматривать как точный метод диагностики острого токсоплазмоза.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary bone tumour</kwd><kwd>malignant tumour</kwd><kwd>benign tumour</kwd><kwd>toxoplasmosis</kwd><kwd>Toxoplasma gondii</kwd><kwd>real-time PCR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичная опухоль кости</kwd><kwd>злокачественная опухоль</kwd><kwd>доброкачественная опухоль</kwd><kwd>токсоплазмоз</kwd><kwd>Toxoplasma gondii</kwd><kwd>ПЦР в реальном времени</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1.	Ahmadpour E., Daryani A., Sharif M., Sarvi S., Aarabi M., Mizani A., Rahimi M.T., Shokri A. Toxoplasmosis in immuno-compromised patients in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Infect. Dev. 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