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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1642</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-AOT-1642</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">A Predictive Performance Analysis of Vitamin D Deficiency Using a Decision Tree model</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Прогнозный анализ эффективности дефицита витамина D с использованием модели дерева решений</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmani</surname><given-names>Freshteh</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османи</surname><given-names>Фрэштэх</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.н., кафедра биостатистики и эпидемиологии</p></bio><email>dr.osmani68@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Исследовательский центр инфекционных заболеваний, Бирджандский университет медицинских наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2022-04-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>141</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-11-23"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2021-04-10"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Osmani F.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Османи Ф.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osmani F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Османи Ф.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1642">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1642</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic>Background.</italic> HBV infection is a major health problem which may be life-threatening. Vitamin D (VD) is involved in various pathophysiological mechanisms in a plethora of diseases. And also, there is a strong demand for the prediction of its severity using different methods. The study aims to evaluate performance of DT as one of the machine learning models in the prediction of severity in vitamin D deficiency. <italic>Methods</italic>. In total, data containing serum VD levels were collected from 292 CHB patients. The independent characteristics such as: age, sex, weight, height, zinc, BMI, body fat, sunlight exposure, and milk consumption were used for prediction of VD deficiency. 60% of them were allocated to a training dataset randomly. To evaluate the performance of decision-tree the remaining 40% were used as the testing dataset. The validation of the model was evaluated by ROC curve. <italic>Results.</italic> The prevalence of VD deficiency was high among patients (63.0%). The final experimentation results showed that DT classifier achieves better accuracy of 96 % and outperforms well on training and testing of VD dataset. Also, the areas under the ROC curve AUC is 0.78, when we applied DT algorithm with the significant variables by cross validation, the values of AUC = 0.78 and 85.3% accuracy were obtained. <italic>Conclusion.</italic> We concluded that the serum level of Zn is an important associated risk factor for identifying cases with vitamin D deficiency. Also, the risk of VD deficiency could be predicted with high accuracy using decision tree learning algorithm that could be used for antiviral therapy in CHB patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic>Актуальность. </italic>Печень является основным местом синтеза витамина D (ВД), участвующего в различных патофизиологических механизмах при различных заболеваниях. Поэтому важно спрогнозировать степень дефицита ВД при помощи различных методов. Наше исследование было направлено на оценку эффективности дерева решений (DT) как одной из моделей машинного обучения для прогнозирования степени дефицита ВД. <italic>Методы. </italic>Всего было обследовано 292 пациента с ХГВ. У каждого из них определен уровень ВД в сыворотке. Для прогнозирования дефицита ВД использовались независимые характеристики, такие как возраст, пол, вес, рост, содержание цинка, индекс массы тела, жировые отложения, частота и продолжительность воздействия солнечного света и потребление молока. Информация 60% пациентов была внесена в обучающий набор данных случайным образом. Для оценки эффективности дерева решений результаты исследований оставшихся 40% пациентов были использованы в качестве набора данных тестирования. Валидация модели оценивалась кривой ROC. <italic>Результаты. </italic>Распространенность дефицита ВД среди пациентов была высокой (63,0%). Окончательные результаты экспериментов показали, что классификатор DT обеспечивает точность 96% и превосходит по производительности при обучении и тестировании набора данных о ВД. Кроме того, площади под кривой ROC AUC составила (0,78) при применении алгоритма DT со значимыми переменными путем перекрестной проверки, с получением значения AUC = 0,78 и точности 85,3%. <italic>Заключение. </italic>Мы пришли к выводу, что уровень цинка в сыворотке крови является важным сопутствующим фактором риска для выявления случаев дефицита ВД. Кроме того, риск дефицита ВД можно предсказать с высокой точностью с использованием алгоритма обучения дерева решений. Полученные данные можно применять в ходе противовирусной терапии у пациентов с ХГВ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin D deficiency</kwd><kwd>decision tree</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B virus</kwd><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>ROC curve</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дефицит витамина D</kwd><kwd>дерево решений</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита B</kwd><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>кривая ROC</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Azarkar G., Doosti Z., Osmani F., Ziaee M. Analysis of risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty-liver disease in hepatitis B virus infection: a case-control study. Hepat. Med., 2019, vol. 11: 153. doi: 10.2147/HMERS211106</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Bedossa P., Poynard T. An algorithm for the grading of activity in chronic hepatitis C. 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