Russian Journal of Infection and ImmunityRussian Journal of Infection and ImmunityИнфекция и иммунитет2220-76192313-7398SPb RAACI16210.15789/2220-7619-2014-2-113-134REVIEWSОБЗОРЫMODERN APPROACHES TO LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF RICKETTSIAL DISEASESСОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ЛАБОРАТОРНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКЕ РИККЕТСИОЗОВEremeevaM. E.ЕремееваМ. Е.
United States

PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Director of the Public Health Core Laboratory

JPH COPH, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA

 

д.б.н., зав. лабораторией

JPH COPH, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA

 

meremeeva@georgiasouthern.eduShpynovS. N.ШпыновС. Н.
Russian Federation

PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of Laboratory of Ecology of Rickettsiae

д.м.н., зав. лабораторией экологии риккетсий

meremeeva@georgiasouthern.eduTokarevichN. K.ТокаревичН. К.
Russian Federation

PhD, MD (Medicine), Head of Laboratory of Zoonoses, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute; Professor, Department of Epidemiology, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

д.м.н., профессор, зав. лабораторией зооантропонозных инфекций ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии ГБОУ ВПО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова» МЗ РФ, Санкт-Петербург

meremeeva@georgiasouthern.eduGeorgia Southern University, Statesboro, GAУниверситет Южной Джорджии, Джорджия, СтатесбороN.F. Gamaleya Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, MoscowФГБУ НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи МЗ РФ, МоскваSt. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. PetersburgФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера, Санкт-ПетербургNorth-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. PetersburgГБОУ ВПО Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова МЗ РФ, Санкт-Петербург10072014421131341007201410072014Copyright ©; 2014, Eremeeva M.E., Shpynov S.N., Tokarevich N.K.Copyright ©; 2014, Еремеева М.Е., Шпынов С.Н., Токаревич Н.К.2014Eremeeva M.E., Shpynov S.N., Tokarevich N.K.Еремеева М.Е., Шпынов С.Н., Токаревич Н.К.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/162

Abstract. We present a concise review of contemporary laboratory methods for diagnosis of rickettsioses with special emphasis on diseases known in Russian Federation. Classic and emerging rickettsioses are transmitted by a diverse and expanding group of arthropod vectors including ticks, fleas, lice and mites. While epidemiological and clinical clues can provide information important for initial suspicion of rickettsial infection, sensitive and specific laboratory methods are necessary for providing probable or confirmed diagnosis of the rickettsial infection. Accurate and rapid confirmation of rickettsial infection is important for ensuring proper clinical care and prompt initiation of antibiotic therapy. Correct identification of the etiology of rickettsial diseases is also important for early identification of clustered cases, novel foci of infections, and for timely initiation of public health responses to these potentially fatal infections.

Резюме. В настоящей статье представлен обзор и анализ современных лабораторных методов диагностики риккетсиозов с особым акцентом на заболевания, известные в России. Классические и новые риккетсиозы передаются разнообразными членистоногими переносчиками, в том числе клещами, блохами и вшами. Хотя эпидемиологические данные и клинические симптомы предоставляют необходимую информацию для предварительной диагностики риккетсиозной инфекции, использование чувствительных и специфичных лабораторных методов необходимо для подтверждения окончательного диагноза риккетсиозов. Точное и быстрое подтверждение риккетсиоза имеет важное значение для обеспечения надлежащей медицинской помощи и своевременного начала специфической антибактериальной терапии. Идентификация этиологии риккетсио зов также важна для раннего выявления периодических вспышек или появления новых очагов заболевания известных риккетсиозов, а также необходима для своевременного реагирования органами общественного здравоохранения в случаях вспышек риккетсиозов новой этиологии или заболеваний с лихорадкой неясной природы.

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