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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15633</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-FOI-15633</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Features of <italic>ESCHERICHIA COLI</italic> samples from patients with diarrheal syndrome in the Republic of Guinea</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Характеристика <italic>ESCHERICHIA COLI</italic>, выделенных от пациентов с диарейным синдромом в Гвинейской Республике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Enteric Infections; Associate Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории кишечных инфекций; доцент кафедры медицинской микробиологии</p></bio><email>makmaria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balde</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бальде</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="GN">Guinea</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Department of Bacteriology </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник отдела бактериологии </p></bio><email>makmaria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Boiro</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буаро</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="GN">Guinea</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, General Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, генеральный директор</p></bio><email>makmaria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matveeva</surname><given-names>Z. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвеева</surname><given-names>З. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Enteric Infections</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории кишечных инфекций</p></bio><email>makmaria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaftyreva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кафтырева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Typhoid Epidemiology Research Group; Professor, Department of Medical Microbiology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник группы эпидемиологии брюшного тифа; профессор кафедры медицинской микробиологии </p></bio><email>makmaria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБГБОУ ВО Северо-Западный государственный университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Applied Biology of Guinea</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт прикладной биологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-10-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>1109</fpage><lpage>1116</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-08-23"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-02"><day>02</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Makarova M.A., Balde R., Boiro M., Matveeva Z.N., Kaftyreva L.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Макарова М.А., Бальде Р., Буаро М., Матвеева З.Н., Кафтырева Л.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Makarova M.A., Balde R., Boiro M., Matveeva Z.N., Kaftyreva L.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Макарова М.А., Бальде Р., Буаро М., Матвеева З.Н., Кафтырева Л.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/15633">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/15633</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Introduction.</bold> Diarrheal diseases are a global public health issue and cause 15% of deaths in children under 5 years old, of which about 80% occur in the regions of Africa and Southeast Asia. According to the Global Enteric Multicentre Study (GEMS) conducted in a number of African countries, one of the leading pathogens of high risk of death in infants and young children is diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC). In recent decades, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become globally ubiquitous. The Republic of Guinea urgently needs large-scale studies devoted to assessing DEC distribution and antibiotic resistance. The purpose of the study is to assess the pattern of E. coli infections and to test the susceptibility to antibiotics in strains of diarrheagenic E. coli sampled from individuals residing in the Republic of Guinea.</p> <p><bold> Materials and methods. </bold>From 2019 to 2022, we studied 724 samples of faeces of patients with acute diarrhea, among them 72 (9.9%) children aged 1–5 years, 128 (17.7%) children aged 6–17 years, and 524 (72.4%) people aged 18 years and older; a method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied with the use of the AmpliSense<sup>®</sup> Escherichioses-FL reagent kit to identify the genetic determinants of DEC: EPEC, EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, and EAgEC (Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, Russia). Susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents was found by the disc-diffusion method using Mueller–Hinton agar (Russia) and Oxoid discs (UK). Results were interpreted according EUCAST criteria, versions 2019–2022 (https://www.eucast.org/ast_of_bacteria/previous_versions_of_documents).</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> For the period from 2019 to 2022, the percentage of E. coli infections in the etiological pattern of acute intestinal infections amounted to 51.7%. In the age-related manner, DEC was significantly more common in young children aged 0–5 (96.9%, p &lt; 0.05) as compared to school age children aged 6–17 (53.9%) and adults (45.6%). In all years of observation, EAgEC strains prevailed, accounting for 38.4%. Other DEC pathotypes, EPEC, ETEC, EIEC and STEC, accounted for 27.2%, 17.5%, 11.8%, and 5.1%, respectively. DEC strains are susceptible to meropenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin. The activity of other antibiotics ranged from 11.3% for ampicillin, 28.3% for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and 34.0% for tetracycline to 73.6% for cephalosporins, 84.0% for aminoglycosides, and 98.1% for fluorinated quinolones.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> To reduce the burden of diarrheal diseases in the Republic of Guinea, it may be necessary to conduct targeted epidemiological and microbiological studies to identify DEC and monitor the development of antimicrobial resistance of <italic>E. coli</italic> infection pathogens in the population.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Диарейные заболевания — глобальная проблема общественного здравоохранения и причина 15% летальных исходов у детей в возрасте до пяти лет, из которых около 80% приходятся на регионы стран Африки и Юго-Восточной Азии. По результатам Глобального многоцентрового исследования (GEMES), проведенного в ряде стран Африки, установлено, что одним из ведущих патогенов высокого риска смерти пациентов в возрасте до пяти лет являются диареегенные <italic>E. coli </italic>(DEC). В последние десятилетия резистентность микроорганизмов к антибиотикам приобрела глобальный характер. В Гвинейской Республике существует острая необходимость в проведении широкомасштабных исследований по изучению распространения DEC и их резистентности к антибиотикам.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования:</bold> оценить структуру эшерихиозов и изучить чувствительность к антибиотикам штаммов диареегенных<italic> E. coli,</italic> выделенных от жителей Гвинейской Республики.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> Методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) с набором реагентов «АмплиСенс<sup>®</sup> Эшерихиозы-FL» для выявления генетических детерминант DEC: EPEC, EHEC, ETEC, EIEC, EAgEC (ФБУН Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора, Россия) в период 2019–2022 гг. исследовали 724 пробы испражнений пациентов с ОКИ, из них детей в возрасте 1–5 лет — 72 (9,9%); 6–17 лет — 128 (17,7%); 18 лет и старше — 524 (72,4%). Чувствительность к 15 антимикробным препаратам определяли диско-диффузионным методом на агаре Мюллера–Хинтон (Россия) с дисками Oxoid (Великобритания), согласно рекомендациям EUCAST (2019–2022 гг.). Результаты. За период 2019–2022 гг. в этиологической структуре ОКИ доля эшрихиозов составляла 51,7%. В возрастной структуре значимо чаще DEC встречались у детей раннего возраста 0–5 лет (96,9%, р &lt; 0,05) по сравнению с группой детей школьного возраста 6–17 лет (53,9%) и взрослыми (45,6%). Во все годы наблюдения преобладали штаммы патогруппы EAgEC, на долю которых приходилось 38,4%. На долю других патогрупп — EPEC, ETEC, EIEC и STEC — приходилось 27,2, 17,5, 11,8 и 5,1% соответственно. Штаммы DEC сохраняли чувствительность к меропенему, амикацину и нитрофурантоину. Активность других антибиотиков варьировалась от 11,3% к ампициллину, 28,3% — триметоприм-сульфаметоксазолу, 34% — тетрациклину, до 73,6% — цефалоспоринам, 84,0% — аминогликозидам и 98,1% — фторхинолонам. <bold>Заключение.</bold> Для снижения бремени диарейных заболеваний на территории Гвинейской Республики необходимо проведение целенаправленных эпидемиологических и микробиологических исследований по выявлению DEC и мониторинга развития резистентности в популяции возбудителей эшерихиозов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diarrhea</kwd><kwd>diarrheagenic E. coli</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity</kwd><kwd>genetic determinants</kwd><kwd>susceptibility to antibiotics</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диарея</kwd><kwd>диареегенные E. coli</kwd><kwd>патогенность</kwd><kwd>генетические детерминанты</kwd><kwd>чувствительность к антибиотикам</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Aijuka M., Santiago A.E., Giron J.A., Nataro J.P., Buys E.M. 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