Russian Journal of Infection and ImmunityRussian Journal of Infection and Immunity2220-76192313-7398SPb RAACI153710.15789/2220-7619-POS-1537Prognosis of severe cytomegalovirus infection in newbornsKravchenkoL. V.<p><span class="fontstyle0">Larisa V. Kravchenko, PhD, MD (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Obstetrics and Pediatrics Research Institute </span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0">344012, Rostov-on-Don, Mechnikov str., 43</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0">Phone: +7 (863) 201-14-88 (office), +7 918 853-88-94 (mobile)</span> </p>larakra@list.ruRostov State Medical University200920211147457511007202027032021Copyright © 2021, Kravchenko L.V.2021<p>Objective is to study the features of impaired activation of T and B lymphocytes in order to predicting severe cytomegalovirus infection in newborns. <strong>Materials and methods.</strong> 133 newborns with cytomegalovirus infection were examined. Immediately after diagnosing cytomegalovirus infection, all patients observed were immunologically ex amined, including assessing count of peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes, as well as their intercellular interaction by using flow cytometry immunostaining for CD3, CD3<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>–</sup>, CD3<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>+</sup>, CD3<sup>–</sup>CD28<sup>+</sup>, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD20<sup>+</sup>CD40<sup>+</sup>, CD28, CD40. The test was performed by using a Beckman Coulter Epics XL laser flow cytofluorometer. Depending on the condition severity, all children were divided into two groups: 1 — cytomegalovirus infection, severe form — 60 subjects (45.1%); 2 — cytomegalovirus infection, moderate form — 73 subjects (54.9%). Results of the entire set of studied indicators for cellular and humoral arms of immune system revealed statistically significant differences for the prognosis of severe cytomegalovirus infection: CD3<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>–</sup>, CD20, CD20<sup>+</sup>CD40<sup>+</sup>, CD4. T lymphocytes with CD3<sup>+</sup>CD28<sup>+</sup> activation markers, through which costimulating signals necessary for the activation of T helper cells are exerted cell-intrinsic features, serving as an important factor ensuring immune response. Using the “classification trees” method, we developed a differentiated approach to forecast severe cytomegalovirus infection in newborns. Systems of inequalities were obtained, four of which classify a subgroup of newborns with severe cytomegalovirus infection. The consistent application of the obtained inequalities makes it possible to isolate from the input stream of sick patients with a prognosis of the development of severe cytomegalovirus infection. 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