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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1253</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-PAS-1253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly increases expression of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) in the septicemia suffering patients</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Pseudomonas aeruginosa существенно усиливает экспрессию рецептора для конечных продуктов гликирования (RAGE) у пациентов с септицемией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kariminik</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кариминик</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Ashraf Kariminik, </bold> PhD, Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch </p><p>7635131167, Kerman, Emam Ali blvd</p><p>Phone: +98 34 3321 0043 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Кариминик Ашраф, </bold>к.н., кафедра микробиологии </p><p>7635131167, г. Керман, б-р Имама Али</p><p>Тел.: +98 34 3321 0043</p></bio><email>a.kariminik@iauk.ac.ir</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Hosseini</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Hоссеини</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MSc, Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch </p><p>Kerman</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр, кафедра микробиологии </p><p>г. Керман</p></bio><email>hossini1389@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nasiri</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Насири</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IR">Iran, Islamic Republic of</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MSc, Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch </p><p>Kerman</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр, кафедра микробиологии </p><p>г. Керман</p></bio><email>nasiri_el@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Исламский университет Азад, филиал в г. Керман</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-11-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>11</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>5</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>984</fpage><lpage>988</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-07-19"><day>19</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-11-29"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2021, Kariminik A., Hosseini F., Nasiri E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2021, Кариминик А., Hоссеини Ф., Насири Э.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kariminik A., Hosseini F., Nasiri E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кариминик А., Hоссеини Ф., Насири Э.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1253">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/1253</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) is a cell surface receptor, which recognizes several endogenous and exogenous molecules and subsequently induces expression of several molecules including chemokines. Chemokines are members of the cytokine superfamily and participate in several immune system functions, including cell migration, inflammation, angiogenesis/angiostasis etc. CXC ligand 11 (CXCL11) is an important chemokine which participates in the induction of appropriate immune responses against microbes, including bacteria. The main mechanisms responsible to overcome septicemia are yet to be clarified. Thus, it has been hypothesized that RAGE may participate in induction of CXCL11 in response to the microbial agents. Due to the fact that immune responses play key roles in limitation of infection, it has been proposed that RAGE may inhibit spread of septicemia. Therefore, in this project mRNA levels of RAGE and CXCL11 were explored in the patients suffering from septicemia versus healthy controls. RAGE and CXCL11 expression levels in the 80 subjects, including 40 septicemia patients and 40 healthy controls were explored using Real-Time PCR technique. Accordingly, by using the specific primer against RAGE and CXCL11 in a Rotorgene vehicle the mRNA levels have been determined. The septicemia and the sources of the bacteria in the blood were diagnosed using microbial cultures. The results demonstrated that although mRNA levels for RAGE and CXCL11 did not change in the septicemia patients vs. healthy controls, mRNA levels of RAGE were significantly higher in the patients infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to those infected by other bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Acinetobacter baumannii. RAGE and CXCL11 mRNA levels did not differ among male and female patients. Based on the results it seems that RAGE is a critical receptor against P. aeruginosa during septicemia and more investigations, especially on the RAGE down-stream molecules can clarify its main roles against P. aeruginosa.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рецептор для конечных продуктов гликирования (RAGE) представляет собой поверхностную структуру, распознающую несколько эндогенных и экзогенных молекул и впоследствии индуцирующую экспрессию нескольких молекул, включая хемокины. Хемокины являются представителями суперсемейства цитокинов и участвуют в процессах миграции клеток, воспаления, в ангиогенезе/ангиостазе и т. д. CXC-лиганд 11 (CXCL11) является важным хемокином, участвующим в индукции антимикробного (в том числе антибактериального) ответа. Основные механизмы, ответственные за излечение от сепсиса, еще предстоит выяснить. Было высказано предположение, что RAGE может участвовать в индукции CXCL11 в ответ на микробные агенты. В связи с тем, что иммунный ответ играет ключевую роль в ограничении инфекции, было предположено, что RAGE может сдерживать септицемию. Поэтому в настоящем проекте были исследованы уровни мРНК RAGE и CXCL11 у пациентов, страдающих септицемией, и проведено их сравнение с аналогичными показателями здоровых людей контрольной группы. Уровни экспрессии RAGE и CXCL11 у 80 субъектов, включая 40 пациентов с сепсисом и 40 здоровых людей из контрольной группы, были исследованы с использованием метода ПЦР в реальном времени. В амплификаторе Rotorgene с использованием специфического праймера против RAGE и CXCL11 были определены уровни мРНК. Септицемию и источники бактерий в крови диагностировали с помощью культурального метода. Результаты показали, что, хотя уровни мРНК RAGE и CXCL11 не изменились у пациентов с сепсисом по сравнению со здоровыми людьми из контрольной группы, уровни мРНК RAGE были значительно выше у пациентов, инфицированных Pseudomonas aeruginosa, по сравнению с пациентами, инфицированными другими бактериями: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus и Acinetobacter baumannii. Уровни мРНК RAGE и CXCL11 не различались у пациентов мужского и женского пола. На основании полученных результатов можно сделать вывод о том, что при сепсисе присутствие RAGE является критическим для диссеминации P. aeruginosa в организме, и дополнительные исследования, особенно в отношении молекул, получающих сигналы от RAGE, могут прояснить роль этих рецепторов при сесписе, индуцированном P. aeruginosa .</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>septicemia</kwd><kwd>RAGE</kwd><kwd>CXCL11</kwd><kwd>gene expression</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>септицемия</kwd><kwd>RAGE</kwd><kwd>CXCL11</kwd><kwd>экспрессия гена</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This project was supported by a grant from the Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Asadpour-Behzadi A., Kariminik A. 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