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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">120</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-2013-1-29-36</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ENTEROBACTERIACAE, PRODUCING ESBLS AND METALLO-β-LACTAMASE NDM-1, ISOLATED IN HOSPITALS OF BALTIC REGION COUNTRIES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ШТАММЫ ЭНТЕРОБАКТЕРИЙ, ПРОДУЦИРУЮЩИЕ БЕТА-ЛАКТАМАЗЫ РАСШИРЕННОГО СПЕКТРА И МЕТАЛЛО-β-ЛАКТАМАЗУ NDM-1, ВЫДЕЛЕННЫЕ В СТАЦИОНАРАХ В СТРАНАХ БАЛТИЙСКОГО РЕГИОНА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егорова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., научный сотрудник лаборатории кишечных инфекций</p><p>197101, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Мира, 14</p></bio><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaftyreva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кафтырева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipskaya</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalenko</surname><given-names>I. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коноваленко</surname><given-names>И. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyasetskaya</surname><given-names>M. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пясетская</surname><given-names>М. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurchikova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курчикова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vedernikova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ведерникова</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozova</surname><given-names>O. T.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозова</surname><given-names>О. Т.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popenko</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попенко</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lubushkina</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любушкина</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Savochkina</surname><given-names>J. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савочкина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Suzhaeva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сужаева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostankova</surname><given-names>J. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Останкова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EE">Estonia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavelkovich</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павелкович</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EE">Estonia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Naaber</surname><given-names>P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наабер</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EE">Estonia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sepp</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сепп</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EE">Estonia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kõljalg</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кыльялг</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="EE">Estonia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Miciuleviciene</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mицюлявичeнe</surname><given-names>И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="LT">Lithuania</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balode</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балоде</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="LV">Latvia</country></address><email>egorova72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 40, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская клиническая больница № 31, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская клиническая больница № 5, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская больница № 17, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская больница Святого Великомученика Георгия, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Детская городская больница № 1, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Городская Мариинская больница, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff9"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">НИИ скорой помощи имени И.И. Джанелидзе, Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff10"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии, Москва</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff11"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Восточная Центральная больница, Таллин</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff12"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Тарту, Тарту</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff13"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Вильнюсскaя городская клиническая больница, Вильнюс</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff14"><aff><institution xml:lang="en"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университетская клиническая больница им. Пaула Страдыня, Рига</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2013-01-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>01</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2014-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2014-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2014, Egorova S.A., Kaftyreva L.A., Lipskaya L.V., Konovalenko I.B., Pyasetskaya M.F., Kurchikova T.S., Vedernikova N.B., Morozova O.T., Smirnova M.V., Popenko L.N., Lubushkina M.I., Savochkina J.A., Makarova M.A., Suzhaeva L.V., Ostankova J.V., Ivanova M.N., Pavelkovich A.M., Naaber P., Sepp E., Kõljalg S., Miciuleviciene J., Balode A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2014, Егорова С.А., Кафтырева Л.А., Липская Л.В., Коноваленко И.Б., Пясетская М.Ф., Курчикова Т.С., Ведерникова Н.Б., Морозова О.Т., Смирнова М.В., Попенко Л.Н., Любушкина М.И., Савочкина Ю.А., Макарова М.А., Сужаева Л.В., Останкова Ю.В., Иванова М.Н., Павелкович А.М., Наабер П., Сепп Э., Кыльялг С., Mицюлявичeнe И., Балоде А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorova S.A., Kaftyreva L.A., Lipskaya L.V., Konovalenko I.B., Pyasetskaya M.F., Kurchikova T.S., Vedernikova N.B., Morozova O.T., Smirnova M.V., Popenko L.N., Lubushkina M.I., Savochkina J.A., Makarova M.A., Suzhaeva L.V., Ostankova J.V., Ivanova M.N., Pavelkovich A.M., Naaber P., Sepp E., Kõljalg S., Miciuleviciene J., Balode A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егорова С.А., Кафтырева Л.А., Липская Л.В., Коноваленко И.Б., Пясетская М.Ф., Курчикова Т.С., Ведерникова Н.Б., Морозова О.Т., Смирнова М.В., Попенко Л.Н., Любушкина М.И., Савочкина Ю.А., Макарова М.А., Сужаева Л.В., Останкова Ю.В., Иванова М.Н., Павелкович А.М., Наабер П., Сепп Э., Кыльялг С., Mицюлявичeнe И., Балоде А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/120">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/120</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Abstract.</bold> We studied the prevalence of K. pneumoniae and E. coli resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems, isolated from patients of eight hospitals in St-Petersburg from January to May, 2012. Prevalence of cephalosporin resistant isolates varied in different hospitals: E. coli – from 7,8 to 50%, K. pneumoniae – from 25,4 to 88,4%. Isolates produced extended spectrum beta-lactamases СТХ-М, mainly СТХ-М-1, also СТХ-М-2 and СТХ-М-9. Twenty two carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae strains (also resistant to other antimicrobials) were isolated in three hospitals. MALDI-TOF MS showed that carbapenem resistance was caused by carbapenemase. Carbapenemases of all isolates belonged to metallo-β-lactamases according to results of the ROSCO Diagnostica tests. The gene coding production of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (blaNDM-1) were detected in all strains. Our data confirmed that the main cephalosporin resistance mechanism of E. coli и K. pneumoniae in Baltic region (including Russia, St-Petersburg) is CTX-M-1 production. For the first time in Russia K. pneumoniae strains  producing metallo-β-lactamases NDM-1 were isolated in several hospitals of St-Petersburg.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Резюме.</bold> Изучали распространенность штаммов, устойчивых к цефалоспоринам расширенного спектра и карбапенемам, среди K. pneumoniae и E. coli, выделенных из клинического материала пациентов семи стационаров Санкт-Петербурга в период с января по май 2012 г. Доля штаммов, устойчивых к цефалоспоринам, колебалась в различных стационарах: E. coli — от 7,8 до 50%, K. pneumoniae — от 25,4 до 88,4%. Устойчивость была обусловлена продукцией бета-лактамаз расширенного спектра семейства СТХ-М, которые относились главным образом к группе СТХ-М-1, а также СТХ-М-2 и СТХ-М-9. В трех стационарах выявили 22 полирезистентных штамма K. pneumoniae, устойчивых к карбапенемам. Метод MАLDI-TOF MS показал, что резистентность к карбапенемам у всех штаммов была обусловлена продукцией карбапенемаз, которые согласно результатам тестов ROSCO Diagnostica относились к классу металло-β-лактамаз. У всех изученных штаммов выявлен ген металло-β-лактамазы New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (blaNDM-1). Результаты проведенных исследований показали, что в странах Балтийского региона (включая Россию, Санкт-Петербург) ведущим механизмом резистентности к цефалоспоринам штаммов E. coli и K. pneumoniae, выделенных в стационарах, является продукция СТХ-М-1. Впервые в России выделены штаммы K. pneumoniae, продуцирующие металло-β-лактамазу NDM-1, причем одновременно в нескольких стационарах Санкт-Петербурга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>K. pneumonia</kwd><kwd>E. coli</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>СТХ-М</kwd><kwd>NDM-1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>K. pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>E. 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