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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Инфекция и иммунитет</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2220-7619</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2313-7398</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">SPb RAACI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">10359</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15789/2220-7619-AMG-10359</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Assessing molecular genetic and immunological predictors of COVID-19 course in healthcare worker risk group</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изучение молекулярно-генетических и иммунологических предикторов течения COVID-19 в группе риска «медицинские работники»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetnikova</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетникова</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Deputy Head; Associate Professor of the Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Fundamental Clinical Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, зам. директора по научной работе; доцент кафедры внутренних болезней</p></bio><email>kniem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyurin</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюрин</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Leading Researcher, Head of Immunology Laboratory; Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник, зав. лабораторией иммунологии и разработки аллергенов; доцент кафедры биохимии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p>
<p> </p></bio><email>kniem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, зав. кафедрой биохимии и клинической лабораторной диагностики</p></bio><email>kniem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Agafonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агафонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Laboratory Diagnostics Doctor, Diagnostics Centre of Infection-Allergic Diseases; Assistant Professor, Department of Propedeutics of Child Diseases</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., врач клинической лабораторной диагностики консультативно-диагностической поликлиники инфекционно-аллергических заболеваний; ассистент кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней</p></bio><email>kniem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaуkhrazieva</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайхразиева</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Desinfectology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии и дезинфектологии</p></bio><email>kniem@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of Rospotrebnadzor</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН Казанский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет Минобразования России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО Казанский государственный медицинский университет Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казанская государственная медицинская академия — филиал ГБОУ ДПО Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-05-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>289</fpage><lpage>298</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-05-08"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-05-16"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Reshetnikova I.D., Tyurin Y.A., Mustafin I.G., Agafonova E.V., Shaуkhrazieva N.D.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Решетникова И.Д., Тюрин Ю.А., Мустафин И.Г., Агафонова Е.В., Шайхразиева Н.Д.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Reshetnikova I.D., Tyurin Y.A., Mustafin I.G., Agafonova E.V., Shaуkhrazieva N.D.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Решетникова И.Д., Тюрин Ю.А., Мустафин И.Г., Агафонова Е.В., Шайхразиева Н.Д.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/10359">https://iimmun.ru/iimm/article/view/10359</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relevance. Studying features of innate and adaptive mechanisms of immune response in medical workers (MW), the most vulnerable social group with a high risk of infection, is an urgent research task. The aim of the study: Comprehensive study of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms and analyzing relationships between clinically significant polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR2, TLR4 genes, TLR2 expression level on peripheral blood monocytes, peripheral blood cytokine profile (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, IFNγ, platelet activation marker) and SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immune response in medical workers (MW) at a temporary infectious disease hospital in early and late COVID-19 convalescence. Materials and methods. immunologic, cytofluorimetric and molecular-genetic research methods were applied. Adaptive immune response in medical workers — COVID-19 convalescent subjects. Results. Early post-COVID-19 convalescence period in MW was linked to higher TLR2 monocyte expression; the mean fluorescence intensity was significantly elevated by 1.5-fold compared to control group. Late convalescence period (7 months post-COVID-19) was characterized by lowered serum IFNγ level. A decline in IFNγ production was significant: decreased by 82-fold in MR that was markedly stronger compared to control group (59 times). The imbalance of cytokines controlling antiviral innate and adaptive immune response was revealed in MW with identified combination of polymorphisms rs5743708 and rs4986790 in TLR2, TLR4 genes with the rate not exceeding 6.7%. It was found that 7 months after COVID-19 there was a markedly decreased IFNγ, IL-1β and IL-10 levels. The studies indicate both altered innate and adaptive immune mechanisms and a need to optimize therapeutic and prophylactic measures aimed at increasing patient-intrinsic resistance, protection of respiratory tract mucosal barriers and identification of genetic predictors of defects in innate and adaptive immune response in medical workers — COVID-19 convalescent subjects.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Актуальность. Изучение особенностей врожденных и адаптивных механизмов иммунного ответа у медицинских работников, которые являются наиболее уязвимой социальной группой с высоким риском инфицирования, является актуальной задачей исследований. Цель исследования: комплексное изучение врожденных и адаптивных механизмов иммунного ответа и анализ связей между клинически значимыми полиморфизмами (SNP) в генах TLR2, TLR4, уровнем экспрессии TLR2 на моноцитах периферической крови, цитокиновым профилем периферической крови (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6, IFNγ, маркер активации тромбоцитов) и специфическим гуморальным иммунным ответом на SARS-CoV-2 у медицинских работников временного инфекционного госпиталя в ранние и поздние сроки реконвалесценции после COVID-19. Материалы и методы. В работе применены иммунологические, цитофлоуриметрические и молекулярно-генетические методы исследования. Результаты. В ранний период реконвалесценции после COVID-19 у МР наблюдается увеличение экспрессии TLR2 рецептора на моноцитах, средняя интенсивность флюоресценции была достоверно выше в 1,5 раза, чем в группе контроля. В поздний период реконвалесценции, через 7 месяцев после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 было отмечено снижение сывороточного уровня IFNγ. Депрессия синтеза IFNγ была значительной, его концентрация у МР снизилась в этот период в 82 раза, что было достоверно ниже по сравнению с группой контроля (в 59 раз). Выявлен дисбаланс цитокинов, контролирующих противовирусный врожденный и адаптивный иммунный ответ, у МР с установленной комбинацией полиморфизмов rs5743708 и rs4986790 в генах TLR2, TLR4 с частотой встречаемости не более 6,7%. Установлено, что через 7 месяцев после инфицирования новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19, наблюдается заметное уменьшение уровня IFNγ, IL-1β и IL-10. Исследования свидетельствуют о нарушениях как врожденных, так и адаптивных механизмов иммунного ответа и необходимости оптимизации лечебно-профилактических мероприятий, направленных на повышение неспецифической резистентности, защиты барьеров слизистых респираторного тракта и выявление генетических предикторов дефектов врожденного и адаптивного иммунного ответа у медицинских работников- реконвалесцентов COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medical workers</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>TLR-2 and TLR4-receptors</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медицинские работники</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>TLR-2- и TLR4-рецепторы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>База данных однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов. NCBI dbSNP rs4986790. 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